Fate of Pancreatic Enzymes in the Human Intestinal Lumen in Health and Pancreatic Insufficiency

Layer, Peter; Gröger, G.

doi:10.1159/000201097

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…25 It is well known that the lipolytic capacity in the ileum is smaller compared with the duodenum. 26 A lack of lipase in the ileum may have limited the hydrolysis of the high fat dose. However, as plasma CCK-concentrations increased dose dependently, this is unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

et al. 2008

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Objective: The ileal brake is a feedback mechanism activated by nutrients, especially fat, with marked effects on satiety. The effects of low doses of ileal fat on satiety are largely unknown. We therefore studied the effect of ileal vs oral delivery of low doses of fat on satiety and gut peptide secretion. Design: Randomized, single-blind crossover design. Subjects: Sixteen healthy, normal-weight volunteers (6 male; mean age 26 years, mean body mass index 22.4). Intervention: Participants were intubated with a 290-cm-long nasoileal tube and consumed, on 3 consecutive days, either a liquid breakfast with 3 g fat followed by an ileal placebo infusion at t ¼ 105-150 min (treatment C) or a fat-free liquid breakfast followed by an ileal infusion of either an emulsion of 3 g (treatment I3g) or 9 g (treatment I9g) fat (safflower oil). Measurements: Satiety parameters by visual analog scales and plasma concentrations of CCK and PYY. Results: C significantly increased satiety and CCK secretion compared with the fat-free breakfast. Ileal fat perfusion of both 3 and 9 g (I3g and I9g) significantly increased satiety during and after fat perfusion, without differences in satiety between I3g and I9g. During ileal fat infusion, CCK increased dose dependently, whereas PYY concentrations increased significantly only after 9 g of fat. Secretion of CCK but not of PYY correlated to satiety levels. Conclusion: Postprandial satiety following a liquid breakfast can be effectively and significantly increased by small amounts (as little as 3 g) of fat perfused into the ileum. Ileal fat dose-dependently increased CCK but not PYY secretion. The satiating effect of ileal fat may be partly mediated by CCK.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

et al. 2008

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“…Addition of SBTI totally inhibited trypsin digestion of all other enzymes tested, proving that it was trypsin that digested the other enzymes and not some unknown factor in the luminal fluid. Trypsin autolysis and digestion of lipase and amylase also occurs in vertebrates (Layer & Gröger, ). The enzymes released by the rat pancreas lose much of their activity during passage through the small intestine (Pelot and Grossman, 1961), and in humans 25% of the amylase activity, about 80% of the trypsin activity, and almost all of the lipase activity is lost (DiMagno, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flow and fate of digestive enzymes in the field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

Woodring

2017

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The flow of enzymes, the ratio of bound to unbound enzymes, and their inactivation in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus was studied. The digestive enzymes are forced forward into the crop by caecal contraction and then they are mixed with freshly chewed food and saliva, forming a crop-chyme. This chyme is blended by crop peristalsis, and periodic opening of the preproventricular valve (PPV) allows posterior movement into the proventriculus and further into the midgut. The contraction of the crop is modulated by Grybi-AST and Grybi-SK peptides, which are partially secreted by the caecal endocrine cells. Most of the aminopeptidase and the four disaccharidases examined are membrane bound (62-80%); the remaining (20-38%) as well all trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, and amylase are secreted free into the caecal lumen. Cricket trypsin loses only 30% of its activity in 4 h and very little thereafter. The presence of digestive products in the lumen appears to retard further trypsin autolysis. Cricket trypsin digests 42% of the chymotrypsin, 37% of the lipase, and 45% of the amylase in the caecal fluids over 24 h in vitro no significant difference. Without Ca ion amylase was almost completely digested. About 50% of the membrane bound and free aminopeptidase was digested in the caecal lumen, and about 30-38% of the bound and free maltase. This loss of digestive enzyme activity is possible, because enzyme secretion rates are high, the unbound enzymes are effectively recycled, and the time of nutrient passage is short.

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“…Direct measurement (pg mg 1) Radiochromatogr. measurement (pg mg 1) Tp The relative standard deviation (RSD) values (n = 15) of the migration time and peak area corrected were 1.03 1.58 and 2.1 4.0, respectively 9…”

Section: Cze Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein in porcine pancreas extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis

et al. 2002

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SummaryA new method for the direct detection of trypsin, chymotrypsin A and kalhkrein from porcine pancreas by capillary zone electrophoresis is proposed. Optimum conditions for quantitative determination were investigated which also allow the unequivocal distinction of trypsin and chymotrypsin according to porcine or bovine source. Foreach enzyme good linearity and precision were obtained, with a detection limit of 5.0 I~g mL 1. In addition, the formation of the complexes between trypsin and basic pancreatic trypsin in hibitor, as well as that bef,,veen kallikrein and the same inhibitor, have been investigated. Such complexes can be clearly distinguished either from the unreacted enzyme or the excess inhibitor and their use for analytical purposes has been evidenced. The method is rapid and sensitive and has been applied to determine enzymes in several porcine pancreas extracts. The levels of the active compounds in various kinds of commercial preparations were easily determined with relative standard deviations ranging between 3.3 and 4.9%, and recoveries from 95.8% to 102.4%.

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Fate of Pancreatic Enzymes in the Human Intestinal Lumen in Health and Pancreatic Insufficiency

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

The flow and fate of digestive enzymes in the field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

Determination of trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein in porcine pancreas extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis

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