Fate of peptidoglycan in an intertidal sediment: An in situ <sup>13</sup>C‐labeling study

Veuger, Bart; Oevelen, Dick van; Boschker, Henricus T. S.; Middelburg, Jack J.

doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.4.1572

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The prolonged enrichment of bacterial biomarkers may reflect incorporation into a refractory pool after cell death, which accumulated in the sediments. However, the PLFAs were not likely part of the detrital pool given the rapid turnover of PLFAs after cell death (Parkes 1987, Veuger et al 2006, and at the time scale of our experiment, we believe accumulation of labeled detrital (bacterial) amino acids was negligible (Veuger et al 2006). Instead, we believe the continued enrichment of the bacterial biomarkers on Days 7 and 14 is consistent with microbially mediated decomposition of macroalgae.…”

contrasting

confidence: 37%

“…(3), where amino acid concentrations were expressed in moles C or N relative to sediment dry weight. Carbon isotopic values of amino acids were corrected for the C atoms added during derivatization using a mass balance approach following Veuger et al (2006). The sum of concentrations of, and/or excess label incorporated in, all amino acids analyzed will be referred to as total HAAs (THAAs).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To complete the cycle, bacteria then recycled labeled BMA detritus and/or extrapolymeric substances exuded by the BMA (Smith & Underwood 1998, Veuger et al 2007a, Evrard et al 2008. Good agreement between bacterial and BMA fatty acids supports a tight coupling between these communities (r 2 = 0.93 and 0.92 for HIB and IWB, respectively), although bacteria have also been shown to recycle nutrients independent of BMA by reincorporating their own degradation products (Veuger et al 2006(Veuger et al , 2007a. Overall, once the macroalgal biomass is hydrolyzed to DOM, it is effectively shuttled back and forth between bacteria and BMA in organic and inorganic forms.…”

Section: Bacterial-bma Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of macroalgae in benthic systems: carbon and nitrogen cycling within the microbial community

Hardison

Canuel

Anderson

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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High nutrient loading to coastal bays is often accompanied by the presence of bloomforming macroalgae, which take up and sequester large amounts of C and N while growing. This pool is temporary, however, as nuisance macroalgae exhibit a bloom and die-off cycle, influencing the biogeochemical functioning of these systems in unknown ways. The objective of this study was to trace the C and N from senescing macroalgae into relevant sediment pools. A macroalgal die-off event was simulated by the addition of freeze-dried macroalgae (Gracilaria spp.), pre-labeled with stable isotopes ( 13 C and 15 N), to sediment mesocosms. The isotopes were traced into bulk sediments and partitioned into benthic microalgal (BMA) and bacterial biomass using microbial biomarkers to quantify the uptake and retention of macroalgal C and N. Bulk sediments took up label immediately following the die-off, and macroalgal C and N were retained in the sediments for at least 2 wk. Approximately 6 to 50% and 2 to 9% of macroalgal N and C, respectively, were incorporated into the sediments. Label from the macroalgae appeared in both bacterial and BMA biomarkers, suggesting that efficient shuttling of macroalgal C and N between these communities may serve as a mechanism for retention of macroalgal nutrients within the sediments. KEY WORDS: Stable isotopes · Macroalgae · Benthic microalgae · Bacteria · Biomarker · Coastal eutrophication Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 414: [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] 2010 Studies of macroalgal bloom decay have demonstrated rapid breakdown of biomass, resulting in release of both inorganic and organic nutrients to the water column (Buchsbaum et al. 1991, Castaldelli et al. 2003, García-Robledo et al. 2008, supporting phytoplankton and bacterial metabolism , Nedergaard et al. 2002. Fewer studies have focused on macroalgal decay within the sediments (Nedergaard et al. 2002, Lomstein et al. 2006, Rossi 2007, García-Robledo et al. 2008, where heterotrophic bacterial densities are significantly higher than in the water column (Deming & Baross 1993, Schmidt et al. 1998, Ducklow 2000. In addition, most of the sediment studies have been conducted in low or no light environments, even though light is typically available to shallow sediments where macroalgal die-offs occur and sediment biogeochemistry is largely affected by benthic microalgal (BMA) activity (Underwood & Kromkamp 1999). While nutrients associated with senescent macroalgal blooms are recycled and can have a positive feedback on phytoplankton production in the water column, nutrients released during macroalgal decay in the sediments may support BMA and bacterial production, which could intercept the return of nutrients to the overlying water column. Thus if shallow-water sediments behave as a nutrient filter, the response by phytoplankton may be reduced, and benthic production could effectively buffer the system from further eutrophication. In order to be...

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contrasting

confidence: 37%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bacterial-bma Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of macroalgae in benthic systems: carbon and nitrogen cycling within the microbial community

Hardison

Canuel

Anderson

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…is the concentration of HAAs (in nmol g À 1 ) or OM (in mmol g À 1 ). 13 C concentrations of the HAAs were corrected for addition of unlabelled carbon during derivatization, as described by Veuger et al (2006). 13 C and 15 N enrichments of the bulk OM and HAAs were normalised to phytodetrital C ( phyto C) and N ( phyto N) incorporation by…”

Section: Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrofauna regulate heterotrophic bacterial carbon and nitrogen incorporation in low-oxygen sediments

2012

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Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) currently impinge upon 41 million km 2 of sea floor and are predicted to expand with climate change. We investigated how changes in oxygen availability, macrofaunal biomass and retention of labile organic matter (OM) regulate heterotrophic bacterial C and N incorporation in the sediments of the OMZ-impacted Indian continental margin (540-1100 m;. In situ pulse-chase experiments traced 13 C: 15 N-labelled phytodetritus into bulk sediment OM and hydrolysable amino acids, including the bacterial biomarker D-alanine. Where oxygen availability was lowest ([O 2 ] ¼ 0.35 lmol l À 1 ), metazoan macrofauna were absent and bacteria assimilated 30-90% of the labelled phytodetritus within the sediment. At higher oxygen levels ([O 2 ] ¼ 2-15 lmol l À 1 ) the macrofaunal presence and lower phytodetritus retention with the sediment occur concomitantly, and bacterial phytodetrital incorporation was reduced and retarded. Bacterial C and N incorporation exhibited a significant negative relationship with macrofaunal biomass across the OMZ. We hypothesise that fauna-bacterial interactions significantly influence OM recycling in low-oxygen sediments and need to be considered when assessing the consequences of global change on biogeochemical cycles.

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“…The stable carbon isotopic composition (δ 13 C) of individual cellular biomarkers can reveal the carbon metabolism and/or lifestyles of the source organisms in natural environments (e.g., Lin et al, 2010;Schubotz et al, 2011), and incubations with 13 C-labeled substrates have been used to probe microbial communities by tracking the production of labeled biomarkers over time (e.g., Veuger et al, 2006;Kellermann et al, 2012;Lin et al, 2013). The latter technique has been widely employed in soil science to investigate the formation and/or turnover kinetics of amino sugars (e.g., Glaser et al, 2005;Decock et al, 2009;Bai et al, 2012).…”

Section: R Zhu Et Al: Compound-specific Stable Carbon Isotopic Analmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing sample pretreatment for compound-specific stable carbon isotopic analysis of amino sugars in marine sediment

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Amino sugars are quantitatively significant constituents of soil and marine sediment, but their sources and turnover in environmental samples remain poorly understood. The stable carbon isotopic composition of amino sugars can provide information on the lifestyles of their source organisms and can be monitored during incubations with labeled substrates to estimate the turnover rates of microbial populations. However, until now, such investigation has been carried out only with soil samples, partly because of the much lower abundance of amino sugars in marine environments. We therefore optimized a procedure for compoundspecific isotopic analysis of amino sugars in marine sediment, employing gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The whole procedure consisted of hydrolysis, neutralization, enrichment, and derivatization of amino sugars. Except for the derivatization step, the protocol introduced negligible isotopic fractionation, and the minimum requirement of amino sugar for isotopic analysis was 20 ng, i.e., equivalent to ∼ 8 ng of amino sugar carbon. Compoundspecific stable carbon isotopic analysis of amino sugars obtained from marine sediment extracts indicated that glucosamine and galactosamine were mainly derived from organic detritus, whereas muramic acid showed isotopic imprints from indigenous bacterial activities. The δ 13 C analysis of amino sugars provides a valuable addition to the biomarker-based characterization of microbial metabolism in the deep marine biosphere, which so far has been lipid oriented and biased towards the detection of archaeal signals.

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Fate of peptidoglycan in an intertidal sediment: An in situ ¹³C‐labeling study

Cited by 50 publications

References 30 publications

Fate of macroalgae in benthic systems: carbon and nitrogen cycling within the microbial community

Fate of macroalgae in benthic systems: carbon and nitrogen cycling within the microbial community

Macrofauna regulate heterotrophic bacterial carbon and nitrogen incorporation in low-oxygen sediments

Optimizing sample pretreatment for compound-specific stable carbon isotopic analysis of amino sugars in marine sediment

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Fate of peptidoglycan in an intertidal sediment: An in situ 13C‐labeling study

Cited by 50 publications

References 30 publications

Fate of macroalgae in benthic systems: carbon and nitrogen cycling within the microbial community

Fate of macroalgae in benthic systems: carbon and nitrogen cycling within the microbial community

Macrofauna regulate heterotrophic bacterial carbon and nitrogen incorporation in low-oxygen sediments

Optimizing sample pretreatment for compound-specific stable carbon isotopic analysis of amino sugars in marine sediment

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Fate of peptidoglycan in an intertidal sediment: An in situ ¹³C‐labeling study