Fate of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil-plant systems

Pal, Dan Bahadur; Weber, J. B.; Overcash, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-6096-7_2

Cited by 57 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Some uptake of PCBs from soil has been reported for a limited number of crops including tall fescue and soybeans (Weber and Mrozek 1979, also see review by Pal et al, 1980). While translocation of the chemicals into shoots appears to be generally low, relatively large amounts were reportedly accumulated by carrot roots (Iwata and Günther, 1976 Perhaps even more important than the dissipation of TNT, per se, was the fact that the disappearance of the parent material was accompanied by appearance of the more persistent amino dinitrotoluene metabolites, 2-amino-4, 6-DNT, and 4-amino-2, 6-DNT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of using forage grasses and legumes for phytoremediation of organic pollutants

Dzantor

Chekol

Vough

2000

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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Selected forage and soil conservation grasses and legumes were evaluated in the greenhouse for their abilities to stimulate dissipation of PCB, TNT, and pyrene in a soil. The grasses tested were tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb), reed canarygrass( Phalaris arundinacea L.), switchgrass ( Panicum variegatum L.), and deertongue (Panicum clandestinum L.). The legumes were alfalfa (Medicago sauva L.), crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.), sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata Dum-Cours.), and flatpea (Wagner pea) ( Lathyrus sylvestris L). The plants were grown in 13.5x15.0 cm pots containing soils that were fortified with 100 mg/kg nominal concentrations of the respective compounds andaged in the laboratory. After six months, 51% or less of an initial 100 mg/kg dose of aroclor 1248 was recovered from soils planted with reed canarygrass, switchgrass, and flatpea. Between 64-70% of the initial dose was recovered from soils planted with tall fescue, deer tongue, and sericea lespedeza, and about 80 % 1646 KUDJO DZANTOR, CHEKOL, AND VOUGH or more was recovered from soils that were planted with alfalfa and crownvetch as well as soil that was left implanted. During the same period, <0.5% of the initial dose of TNT and <3% of pyrene were recovered from soils that were fortified with those compounds, including unplanted controls. Laboratory flask experiments that compared the dissipation of TNT and pyrene in natural soils and soils containing microbial inhibitor suggested that microbial transformation accounted for a major portion of the loss of TNT and pyrene in this soil. A comparison of the dissipation of TNT and pyrene in two different soils reinforces previously well-documented strong role of organic matter in the overall fate of TNT and pyrene in soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of using forage grasses and legumes for phytoremediation of organic pollutants

Dzantor

Chekol

Vough

2000

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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“…Thus, PCBs may also have accumulated in P. australis by both passive adsorption and active absorption with passive adsorption the first step in the removal process since PCBs are also highly lipophilic. Pal et al (1980) investigated the fate of PCBs in the soil-plant system and concluded that plant contamination with PCBs occurred mainly via uptake from soil to roots. After the PCBs were transferred to the roots there was very little translocation from roots to shoots of dead reeds.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of P Australis In Removal Of Ddt and Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation, distribution and transformation of DDT and PCBs by Phragmites australis and Oryza sativa L.: I. Whole plant study

Chu

Wong

Zhang

2006

Environ Geochem Health

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Glasshouse experiments were conducted to determine the accumulation, distribution and transformation of o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT and PCBs by common reed (Phragmites australis) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) under hydroponic conditions. The culture solution was spiked with the organic pollutants and samples were collected daily. Analysis of the plants at harvest showed that both species had removed DDT and PCBs from the solution. DDT appeared to have accumulated within P. australis by both passive adsorption and active absorption. Both o,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDT were transformed within P. australis. DDD was the major metabolite and the transformation was mediated by reductive dehalogenation. Plant long-distance transportation systems may be involved in the translocation of PCBs within P. australis and the affinity of the PCBs for lipids is one of the major factors affecting their uptake and translocation within the plants. Similar but less pronounced results were found in O. sativa and suggest that these wetland plants may be used for the plant-mediated remediation of persistent organic pollutants.

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“…The analytically measured PCB concentrations for Day 0, 28 and 56 were approximately the same. This constancy was probably due to the fact that most PCBs in soil do not volatilize rapidly or succumb to microbial degradation [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%