Drawing on data from linked qualitative longitudinal (QL) datasets, this paper considers the under-researched impacts of economic crisis and austerity, on men from different familial generational positions, with care responsibilities for young children in lowincome families. Recent debates indicate that recession and austerity provide the conditions for care arrangements in which low-income fathers are more likely to engage, producing 'caring masculinities'. However, austerity is also deepening everyday hardships for citizens, as care responsibilities are further entrenched as the private responsibilities of individual families. This 'responsibilisation' of care is producing numerous challenges for men, as evidenced in their discussions of their everyday caring practices. With reference to an ethics of care perspective and insights about processes of change and continuity in the austerity context, from men in lowincome families, including those that are kinship carers, it is argued that processes of welfare reform and self-responsibilisation are antithetical to the reworking of male identities as identities of care. The paper concludes that wider structural change and support for men to engage effectively and positively in care are required in order for these identities, and for men's critical engagement in gender equality, to flourish.