“…The mothers were in postoperative care due to a variety of birth-related complications, such as retention of placenta with or without blood loss, rupture of vagina or sphincter, elective or acute cesarean surgery because of maternal and/or fetal indication, and spinal or general anesthesia. The fathers took care of the child in a room, a kitchenette, or a day room at the birth unit, on the maternity ward, or in a room at the neonatal intensive care unit (Erlandsson, Christensson, & Fagerberg, 2008).…”