Fatigue life of additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V in the very high cycle fatigue regime

Günther, Johannes; Krewerth, Dominik; Lippmann, T.; Leuders, Stefan; Tröster, Thomas; Weidner, Anja; Biermann, Horst; Niendorf, Т.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.05.018

Cited by 383 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Different types of defects were identified to be at the origin of crack initiations and are shown in Figure 2. These defects are similar to those presented in [2]. Figure 2a,b corresponds to small internal defects, i.e., residual small porosities, residual small unmelted zones after HIP treatment (Figure 2a) or α-phase (Figure 2b) as shown in [2].…”

Section: Observations On Ti6al4v Specimenssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…These defects are similar to those presented in [2]. Figure 2a,b corresponds to small internal defects, i.e., residual small porosities, residual small unmelted zones after HIP treatment (Figure 2a) or α-phase (Figure 2b) as shown in [2]. Internal unmelted zones, as observed in Figure 2c,d are typical to these powder-bed processes.…”

Section: Observations On Ti6al4v Specimenssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…As shown in [1,2], typical defects observed in a Ti-6Al-4V alloy manufactured by a powder-bed additive manufacturing process are: (i) the as-built roughness of the surface, which can also be associated to surface defects (unmelted zone on surface, open porosities), (ii) internal unmelted zones, (iii) internal porosities, generally smaller than the unmelted zones as associated to untrapped gases. High cycle uniaxial fatigue tests were performed with pure reversed stress controlled loading applied with a constant stress amplitude and a loading ratio R =−1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the important questions which has to be addressed is the durability of these structures regarding, for example, fatigue and/or fracture phenomena, as these structures will be used in many industrial domains (energy, aeronautics, aerospace, ground transportation …). Recent papers addressed this aspect, evaluating the effect of process parameters on fatigue lifetimes [1,2]. Following these works, fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V specimens built by EBM and SLM are first compared in this communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatigue of Additive Manufacturing Specimens: A Comparison with Casting Processes

Charkaluk

Chastand

2018

The 18th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics

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Abstract:In this paper, the specificity and/or the common features of materials coming from such new additive manufacturing processes will be compared to more classical one, like casting process. Fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V specimens built by EBM and SLM are first compared depending on several process parameters. Then, at the microstructure scale, it is shown that surface defects and unmelted zones seem to be the dominant features. It will be shown that similarities can then be drawn with casting processes where shrinkage and pores are also associated to damage mechanisms.

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Section: Observations On Ti6al4v Specimenssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Observations On Ti6al4v Specimenssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fatigue of Additive Manufacturing Specimens: A Comparison with Casting Processes

Charkaluk

Chastand

2018

The 18th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics

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“…Investigations about this important aspect are available to a limited extent regarding fatigue life oriented and are even more limited regarding fatigue processes and cyclic deformation behavior. The available investigations of Günther et al [20] show a decreased fatigue strength of the selective laser melted Ti6Al4V compared to conventionally manufactured material, which is mainly caused by the pores in AM-material resulting from binding defects. Investigations of Yadollahi et al [19] on the stainless steel 17-4-PH and Mower et al [13] on the austenitic stainless steel 316L and AlSi10Mg are in accordance to the observations of Reference [20] and show, additionally, an increased fatigue strength of AM-specimens in the horizontal building direction compared to the vertically built specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An Investigation of the Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured AISI 316L Stainless Steel with Regard to the Influence of Heat Treatment

Blinn

Klein

Gläßner

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:To exploit the whole potential of Additive Manufacturing, it is essential to investigate the complex relationships between Additive Manufacturing processes, the resulting microstructure, and mechanical properties of the materials and components. In the present work, Selective Laser Melted (SLM) (process category: powder bed fusion), Laser Deposition Welded (LDW) (process category: direct energy deposition) and, for comparison, Continuous Casted and then hot and cold drawn (CC) austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L blanks were investigated with regard to their microstructure and mechanical properties. To exclude the influence of surface topography and focus the investigation on the volume microstructure, the blanks were turned into final geometry of specimens. The additively manufactured (AM-) blanks were manufactured in both the horizontal and vertical building directions. In the horizontally built specimens, the layer planes are perpendicular and in vertical building direction, they are parallel to the load axis of the specimens. The materials from different manufacturing processes exhibit different chemical composition and hence, austenite stability. Additionally, all types of blanks were heat treated (2 h, 1070 • C, H 2 O) and the influence of the heat treatment on the properties of differently manufactured materials were investigated. From the cyclic deformation curves obtained in the load increase tests, the anisotropic fatigue behavior of the AM-specimens could be detected with only one specimen in each building direction for the different Additive Manufacturing processes, which could be confirmed by constant amplitude tests. The results showed higher fatigue strength for horizontally built specimens compared to the vertical building direction. Furthermore, the constant amplitude tests show that the austenite stability influences the fatigue behavior of differently manufactured 316L. Using load increase tests as an efficient rating method of the anisotropic fatigue behavior, the influence of the heat treatment on anisotropy could be determined with a small number of specimens. These investigations showed no significant influence of the heat treatment on the anisotropic behavior of the AM-specimens.

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Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys for Orthopedic Applications: A Materials Science Viewpoint

et al. 2018

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Titanium‐based orthopedic implants are increasingly being fabricated using additive manufacturing (AM) processes such as selective laser melting (SLM), direct laser deposition (DLD), and electron beam melting (EBM). These techniques have the potential to not only produce implants with properties comparable to conventionally manufactured implants, but also improve on standard implant models. These models can be customized for individual patients using medical data, and design features, such as latticing, hierarchical scaffolds, or features to complement patient anatomy, can be added using AM to produce highly functional patient‐anatomy‐specific implants. Alloying prospects made possible through AM allow for the production of Ti‐based parts with compositions designed to reduce modulus and stress shielding while improving bone fixation and formation. The design‐to‐process lead time can be drastically shortened using AM and associated post‐processing, making possible the production of tailored implants for individual patients. This review examines the process and product characteristics of the three major metallic AM techniques and assesses the potential for these in the increased global uptake of AM in orthopedic implant fabrication.

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Fatigue life of additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V in the very high cycle fatigue regime

Cited by 383 publications

References 64 publications

Fatigue of Additive Manufacturing Specimens: A Comparison with Casting Processes

Fatigue of Additive Manufacturing Specimens: A Comparison with Casting Processes

An Investigation of the Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of Additively Manufactured AISI 316L Stainless Steel with Regard to the Influence of Heat Treatment

Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys for Orthopedic Applications: A Materials Science Viewpoint

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