-It is very significant to investigate the shot peening mechanism in ensuring a good resistance to fatigue and stress corrosion. This paper reviews the recent advancements in shot peening process. Emphasis is put on the application of numerical simulation techniques and finite element method in residual stress prediction during shot peening process. Different methods related to shot peening modelling and prediction of plastic deformation and surface integrity are reviewed. Some key issues such as algorithms and simulation procedures are discussed.