Fatigue Strength of Girders with Tapered Covered Plates

Hassan, Ahmed; Bowman, Mark D.

doi:10.5703/1288284313225

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This means that hammer peening of weld toes is ideally suited for retrofit and repair applications where steel bridge members are already under dead load. Weld toes with shallow surface cracks of less than 1/8 inch deep also benefited from peening where the propagation of the crack was appreciably slowed or arrested, even without removing the crack (Fisher et al, 1979;Fisher & Roy, 2015;Hassan & Bowman, 1995;Hausammann et al, 1983). Fisher and Roy (2015) added that this is only reliable if the stress range does not exceed approximately 6 ksi.…”

Section: Hammer Peeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many research projects over the last several decades have investigated the fatigue resistance of welded cover plate terminations on steel bridge beams (Fisher et al, 1979;Fisher et al, 1983;Hassan & Bowman, 1995; Figure 5.1 Example of load-induced fatigue crack located on a railroad through-truss hanger. Keating & Fisher, 1986;Schilling et al, 1978).…”

Section: Description Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If an existing fatigue crack has propagated into the web plate, then a web plate and flange splice is recommended, sufficiently designed to carry the full moment of the girder at that location. It would also be highly recommended to drill a hole at the crack tip(s) to arrest the crack, as research has shown that a bolted splice installed after fatigue cracking has initiated may not prevent subsequent crack growth (Hassan & Bowman, 1995). See Section 4.2 for hole drilling techniques.…”

Section: Bolted Splice Retrofitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In unique cases of bottom flange cover plates where a bolted splice is still desired for added redundancy of the detail, and where under clearance of the bridge is a concern, an alternative ''partial bolted splice'' proposed by Hassan and Bowman (1995) could be implemented with reliable fatigue enhancement subtracting only the height of the bolt head from the existing clearance. This retrofit involves the use of a bolted splice plate connection above the flange (bottom splice plate is omitted) and post-weld peening treatment of the cover plate end welds.…”

Section: Bolted Splice Retrofitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strategy is typically used for fracture arrest applications and is discussed in further detail in Section 6.6. It is highly recommended to drill a hole at the crack tip of any known cracks, as research has shown that a bolted splice installed after fatigue cracking has initiated may not prevent subsequent crack growth (Hassan & Bowman, 1995).…”

Section: Repair or Retrofit Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Maintenance Actions to Address Fatigue Cracking in Steel Bridge Structures: Proposed Guidelines and Commentary

Connor¹,

Lloyd²

2017

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This document provides guidelines for the maintenance actions to address fatigue cracking and details at risk of constraint-induced fracture (CIF) in steel bridges. It is a synthesis of best practices from published literature, project reports, past and ongoing research projects, as well as input from industry professionals gathered through a web-based survey. Intended to be a very practical reference text, it is written with everyone in mind from a maintenance contractor to an asset manager and design engineer, providing detailed descriptions of the driving causes of fatigue cracking and CIF in steel bridges and accepted methods for repair or retrofit.

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Section: Hammer Peeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bolted Splice Retrofitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bolted Splice Retrofitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Repair or Retrofit Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Maintenance Actions to Address Fatigue Cracking in Steel Bridge Structures: Proposed Guidelines and Commentary

Connor¹,

Lloyd²

2017

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Fatigue design and retrofit of steel bridges

Bowman

1997

Progress Structural Eng Maths

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This review examines recent work that has been conducted on the fatigue design, inspection and evaluation of steel bridges. Research studies to evaluate load histories and the influence of cyclic loads on fatigue critical details are discussed for both railway and highway bridge structures. Applications of conventional nondestructive testing and inspection methods are reviewed, and new developments in nondestructive evaluation are discussed. Retrofit and repair procedures that have been used for several different structural details are described. A summary of the fatigue strength and performance of several secondary structural bridge elements is presented. Finally, fatigue assessment procedures which have been proposed recently to design and evaluate new and existing bridge structures are presented.

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Evaluation of Residual Stresses Induced by Robotized Hammer Peening by the Contour Method

2008

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Welded components suffer from high tensile residual stresses close to the weld beads. These stresses seem to be the origin of premature cracking which could result in a catastrophic rupture during operation and a reduction of the lifespan of these components. In this context, the Hydro-Québec's Research Institute (IREQ) developed a technique of residual stresses relaxation by robotized hammer peening which makes it possible to release stresses close to surface and preserve the mechanical and dimensional properties of manufactured components. Robotized hammer peening was used to induce compressive residual stresses on initially stress free samples of austenitic stainless steel 304L. Hammer peening layers from one to nine were performed and the resulting residual stresses were evaluated thanks to the contour technique. Complete 2D residual stress fields on samples cross sections were obtained. The ability of hammer peening to relax residual stresses within welded plates was then quantified on austenitic stainless steel 304L plates welded with a 308 steel and hammer peened. These tests show the efficiency of hammer peening as a method to relax tensile residual stresses and induce compressive ones to a depth of a few millimetres. Process parameters were optimized such as the number of hammer peening layers to be applied to reduce processing time and maximization of the intensity and spatial distribution of the compressive residual stresses.

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Fatigue Strength of Girders with Tapered Covered Plates

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Maintenance Actions to Address Fatigue Cracking in Steel Bridge Structures: Proposed Guidelines and Commentary

Maintenance Actions to Address Fatigue Cracking in Steel Bridge Structures: Proposed Guidelines and Commentary

Fatigue design and retrofit of steel bridges

Evaluation of Residual Stresses Induced by Robotized Hammer Peening by the Contour Method

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