Fatigue testing and damage evaluation using smart CFRP composites with embedded PZT transducers

Andreades, Christos; Meo, Michele; Ciampa, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.081

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to the load level changes in the variable amplitude campaign, steps in the peak strain at load changes were observed, which in turn negatively affect the HI evolution. The second method, which addresses this issue, involves sampling n random samples during the QS loading and calculating the average of these samples, as in Equation (2).…”

Section: Shm Data Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These structural components are constantly subjected to variable service loads and environmental loadings, which can greatly reduce their load-bearing capability, and may cause damage that fails to be identified during routine inspections. A good example of such damage is Barely Visible Impact Damage (BVID), which causes subsurface damage that is critical to the structure's integrity [2]. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technology has been introduced and evolved during the past 30 years, with the aim to detect, locate, and quantify the degradation of a structure [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures Utilizing Novel Health Indicators Extracted from Complex Strain and Acoustic Emission Data

Galanopoulos

Milanoski

Broer

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of health indicators (HI) of diagnostic and prognostic potential from generally uninformative raw sensor data is both a challenge and an essential feature for data-driven diagnostics and prognostics of composite structures. In this study, new damage-sensitive features, developed from strains acquired with Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and acoustic emission (AE) data, were investigated for their suitability as HIs. Two original fatigue test campaigns (constant and variable amplitude) were conducted on single-stringer composite panels using appropriate sensors. After an initial damage introduction in the form of either impact damage or artificial disbond, the panels were subjected to constant and variable amplitude compression–compression fatigue tests. Strain sensing using FBGs and AE was employed to monitor the damage growth, which was further verified by phased array ultrasound. Several FBGs were incorporated in special SMARTapesTM, which were bonded along the stiffener’s feet to measure the strain field, whereas the AE sensors were strategically placed on the panels’ skin to record the acoustic emission activity. HIs were developed from FBG and AE raw data with promising behaviors for health monitoring of composite structures during service. A correlation with actual damage was attempted by leveraging the measurements from a phased array camera at several time instances throughout the experiments. The developed HIs displayed highly monotonic behaviors while damage accumulated on the composite panel, with moderate prognosability.

show abstract

Section: Shm Data Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures Utilizing Novel Health Indicators Extracted from Complex Strain and Acoustic Emission Data

Galanopoulos

Milanoski

Broer

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, sensor systems are required that can be embedded in the material with minimal retroactive effect on the propagation of GUW. Current research is concerned with integrated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film sensors in glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) [ 6 ] and with lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducers in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) [ 7 , 8 ] for impact and fatigue sensing. New concepts for stretchable and integrable sensor networks of PZT sensors have been developed but only applied on a CFRP structure without being used for sensing GUW [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MEMS Vibrometer for Structural Health Monitoring Using Guided Ultrasonic Waves

Haus

Lang

Roloff

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Structural health monitoring of lightweight constructions made of composite materials can be performed using guided ultrasonic waves. If modern fiber metal laminates are used, this requires integrated sensors that can record the inner displacement oscillations caused by the propagating guided ultrasonic waves. Therefore, we developed a robust MEMS vibrometer that can be integrated while maintaining the structural and functional compliance of the laminate. This vibrometer is directly sensitive to the high-frequency displacements from structure-borne ultrasound when excited in a frequency range between its first and second eigenfrequency. The vibrometer is mostly realized by processes earlier developed for a pressure sensor but with additional femtosecond laser ablation and encapsulation. The piezoresistive transducer, made from silicon, is encapsulated between top and bottom glass lids. The eigenfrequencies are experimentally determined using an optical micro vibrometer setup. The MEMS vibrometer functionality and usability for structural health monitoring are demonstrated on a customized test rig by recording application-relevant guided ultrasonic wave packages with a central frequency of 100 kHz at a distance of 0.2 m from the exciting ultrasound transducer.

show abstract

“…There are multiple aims when integrating piezoelectric sensors into FRP. Integrated sensors or sensor networks can be used to monitor the curing of epoxy resin during manufacturing [32], damage evolution under cyclic load [33] or determining modes of failure such as matrix cracking, fiber matrix debonding, fiber breaking or delamination in FRP [29,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a Flat Polyimide Inlay on the Propagation of Guided Ultrasonic Waves in a Narrow GFRP-Specimen

Rittmeier¹,

Roloff²,

Rauter³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work investigates how integrated polyimide inlays with applied sensor bodies influence the guided ultrasonic wave propagation in narrow glass fiber-reinforced polymer specimens. Preliminary numerical simulations indicate that in a damping-free specimen, the inlays show reflections for the S0-mode propagation. Hence, an air-coupled ultrasonic technique and a 3D laser Doppler vibrometer measurement are used to measure different parts of the propagating waves’ displacement field after burst excitation at different frequencies. No significant reflections on the inlay can be seen in the experiments. However, it is shown that the reflections from the strip specimen’s narrow width cause periodical reflections that superimpose with the excited wave fronts. A continuous wavelet transformation in the time-frequency domain filters discontinuities from the measurement signal and is used for reconstruction of the time signals. The reconstructed signals are used in a spatial continuous wavelet transformation to identify the occurring wavelengths and hence to prove the assumption of reflections from the narrow edges. Since the amplitude of the reflections identified in the numerical data at the polyimide inlays are an order of magnitude smaller than the excited wave packages, it is concluded that material damping of the epoxy resin matrix extincts possible reflections from the inlays.

show abstract

Fatigue testing and damage evaluation using smart CFRP composites with embedded PZT transducers

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures Utilizing Novel Health Indicators Extracted from Complex Strain and Acoustic Emission Data

Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures Utilizing Novel Health Indicators Extracted from Complex Strain and Acoustic Emission Data

MEMS Vibrometer for Structural Health Monitoring Using Guided Ultrasonic Waves

Influence of a Flat Polyimide Inlay on the Propagation of Guided Ultrasonic Waves in a Narrow GFRP-Specimen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About