Fatores de risco associados à osteoporose em uma população de mulheres brasileiras residentes em São José do Rio Pardo, estado de São Paulo

Abstract

Objectives: to assess the main risk factors associated to low bone mass and to propose algorithms for the indication of the evaluation of bone mineral density in a women population from São José do Rio Pardo, state of São Paulo. Methods: 324 women (mean age 60 years old) were studied. A questionnaire was sent by regular mail to collect data for several osteoporosis risk factors, as well as both personal and mother's history of fractures. Bone mineral density was measured using DXA, measuring the lumbar spine segment (L2-L4), and/or the proximal femur (femoral neck). Data were classified according to the WHO criteria. Data were analyzed using one-way Anova, and the "post-hoc" Student-Newman-Keuls test for paired multiple comparisons; 2 x2 and k x r contingency tables and chi-square test were also used. The most efficient variables for the identification of women at risk for osteoporosis were determined through multiple regression analysis. The previously described algorithms Osteorisk and Osiris were also applied. Results: there were 88 (27.2%), 160 (49.4%), and 76 (49.4%) women among the normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups, respectively. Mean age was 56, 60, and 65 years-old for the normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups, respectively. Mean weight and height was 69.5 kg/1.60 m, 64.9 kg/1.59 m and 62.1 kg/1.57 m for the normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups, respectively. Differences between these mean values were statistically significant. The number of years of menopause was higher in the osteoporosis group; contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy was less frequent in the osteoporosis group, as well as menopause. All women in the osteoporosis group were post-menopause, compared to 86% in the other groups. Women in the osteoporosis group had more previous fractures, reaching statistical significance. Using RESUMO Objetivos: verificar os principais fatores de risco associados à baixa massa óssea e propor algoritmos para a indicação de avaliação da densidade óssea em uma população de mulheres, residentes em São José do Rio Pardo, Estado de São Paulo. Métodos: foram estudadas 324 mulheres com média de idade de 60 anos. Foi enviado pelo correio um questionário contendo perguntas a respeito de diversos fatores de risco para osteoporose, incluindo histórico pessoal e materno de fraturas. A densidade mineral óssea foi medida utilizando-se a densitometria óssea por densitômetro DXA, sendo analisados os sítios coluna lombar (L2-L4) e/ou fêmur proximal (colo femoral); todas as mulheres foram classificadas de acordo com os critérios da OMS. A análise estatística empregou Análise de Variância (Anova), segundo um critério de classificação e teste "post-hoc" de comparação múltipla, aos pares, de Student-Newman-Keuls; tabelas de contingência 2 x 2 e k x r; teste do Qui-quadrado. Por meio de regressões múltiplas foram estabelecidas as variáveis mais eficientes na identificação de mulheres com baixa massa óssea. Foram também aplicados dois algoritmos descritos em literatura, denominados

Association between low bone mass and calcium and caffeine intake among perimenopausal women in Southern Brazil: cross-sectional study

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Avaliação de fatores de risco para fratura de quadril em mulheres idosas seguidas em hospital universitário

“…A fragilidade é uma síndrome biológica de redução multissistêmica da capacidade fisiológica do idoso, caracterizada por diminuição das reservas e menor resistência a estresse. Os sinais dessa síndrome são, entre outros, diminuição da força muscular, diminuição de atividade física, e menor taxa metabólica (35,36).…”

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