Fatores de risco associados com infarto agudo do miocárdio na região metropolitana de São Paulo: uma região desenvolvida em um país em desenvolvimento

Abstract

ObjectiveTo identify the risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and their respective powers of association in the São Paulo metropolitan region. MethodsThe cases comprised patients diagnosed with first AMI with an ST segment elevation. The controls were individuals with no known cardiovascular disease. The study comprised 271 cases and 282 controls from 12 hospitals. Risk factors were as follows: ethnic group; educational level; marital status; family income; family history of coronary artery disease; antecedents of arterial hypertension and of diabetes mellitus; hormonal replacement in women; smoking; physical activity; alcohol consumption; total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels; body mass index; and waist-hip ratio (WHR). ResultsThe following risk factors showed and independent association with AMI: smoking [odds ratio (OR)=5.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.25-10.57; P < 0.00001); waist-hip ratio (first vs. third tertile) (OR=4.27; 95% CI 2.28-8.00; P<0.00001); antecedents of arterial hypertension (OR=3.26; 95% CI 1.95-5.46; P< 0.00001); waist-hip ratio (first vs second tertile) (OR=3.07; 95% CI 1.66-5.66; P=0.0003); LDL-cholesterol level (OR=2.75; 95% CI 1.45-5.19; P=0.0018); antecedents of diabetes mellitus (OR= 2.51; 95% CI 1. 45-5.19; P=0.023); family history of coronary artery disease (OR=2.33; 95% CI 1. P=0.0005); P=0.011). ConclusionSmoking, waist-hip ratio, antecedents of arterial hypertension and of diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary artery disease, and LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels showed to be independently associated with AMI within the São Paulo metropolitan region.

Angina pectoris in patients with HIV/AIDS: prevalence and risk factors

“…Unlike population-based studies which show that an increased glucose level (> 99 mg/dL), arterial hypertension (PAS ≥ 140 mmHg and/or PAD ≥ 90 mmHg) and sedentarism are associated with increased risk for CHD among men and women, 23 in our study these factors were not associated with the development of angina pectoris. Increased levels of glucose, hypertension and sedentarism were found in 15.3%, 26.6% and 61.5% of the subjects, respectively.…”

Fatores de risco cardiovasculares em coorte de profissionais da área médica: 15 anos de evolução

“…In Brazil, the situation is not different. This occurs both with regard to the incidence and the prevalence, but especially in relation to an evolution analysis of these CVRF in the population [7][8][9][10][11][12] …”

Atividade física e fatores associados em doentes arteriais coronarianos

“…Esse quadro vem sendo demonstrado em vários estudos epidemiológicos e a redução do risco de DCV através do controle da hipertensão arterial foi documentada em inúmeras pesquisas clínicas em prevenção primária. [25][26][27] De acordo com o Seven Countries Study 28 e o Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) 29 existe uma relação direta entre elevação dos níveis das pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica e incidência subsequente de mortalidade por DAC. A alta prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica entre esses indivíduos aponta para uma necessidade imediata de atenuação e, principalmente, de prevenção dessa morbidade, pois uma vez que a doença já esteja instalada, pode levar a sérias complicações.…”