Fatores Sociodemográficos e Ocupacionais Associados à Síndrome deBurnout em Profissionais de Enfermagem

Abstract

ResumoEsta pesquisa de levantamento objetivou investigar a prevalência da síndrome de Burnout nos profi ssionais de enfermagem de um hospital e de Unidades Básicas de Saúde, comparando-a entre as três categorias profi ssionais (enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem) e os tipos de serviços, e identifi cou seus fatores sociodemográfi cos e ocupacionais preditores. A amostra foi composta por 116 profi ssionais, entre 21 e 60 anos (M = 37,26 anos; DP = 8,56), de ambos os gêneros, de um município de médio porte de Minas Gerais, que responderam ao Inventário de Burnout de Maslach e a um Questionário Sociodemográfi co e Ocupacional. Observou-se uma alta prevalência da síndrome (47%), e um grande número de trabalhadores em risco de adoecimento (entre 41% a 49% da amostra, dependendo da dimensão do Burnout). Não houve diferenças signifi cativas em função das categorias profi ssionais e locais de trabalho. As variáveis ocupacionais "problemas de relacionamento com colegas de trabalho" (OR = 3) e "insatisfação com o trabalho" (OR = 11) foram as preditoras da síndrome (p < 0,05). As variáveis sociodemográfi cas não foram signifi cativas. Este estudo contribui para a discussão sobre o processo de desenvolvimento do Burnout em profi ssionais de enfermagem, ajudando a planejar medidas preventivas de doenças ocupacionais e programas de intervenção nos serviços de saúde. Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Burnout, Enfermagem, serviços de saúde. AbstractThis survey research aimed to investigate the prevalence of the Burnout syndrome in nursing professionals of a hospital and Basic Health Units, comparing it among the three professional categories (nurses, nursing technicians and nursing assistants) and types of services, and to identify socio--demographic and occupational factors associated with its occurrence. The sample was composed of 116 professionals, between 21 and 60 years old (M = 37.26 years; SD = 8.56), of both genders, from a medium-sized city of Minas Gerais, who fulfi ll the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the socio--demographic and occupational questionnaire. There was a high prevalence of the syndrome (47%) and a large number of workers at risk of illness (between 41% and 49% of the sample according to the dimension of Burnout). There were no signifi cant differences between the professional categories and workplaces. The occupational variables "relationship problems with co-workers" (OR = 3) and "non--satisfaction with the job" (OR = 11) were the syndrome predictors (p < .05). The socio-demographic variables were not signifi cant. This study contributes to the discussion about Burnout developing process among nursing professionals, helping to plan preventive measures of occupational diseases and intervention programs in health services.

Anxiety In Nurses Of A School Hospital Of The Paraíba State

“…When it comes to the hospital environment, this group is commonly submitted to situations that generate dissatisfaction with work, such as unhealthy and precarious conditions, long service hours, overloading, repetition of activities, lack of physical, material and human resources, besides the pressure exerted by the bosses, patients and their relatives [14,15].…”

Occupational Burnout Syndrome in the nursing context: an integrative literature review

“…www.ee.usp.br/reeusp [100][101][103][104][105]107,110) , the health area (3,(8)(9)12,17,30,33,35,39,42,44,47,60,79,81,(85)(86)(88)(89)93,99,102,106) and psychology (10,23,(26)(27)(28)34,36,43,(54)(55)(73)(74)(75)90,94,(108)(109) . After reading and critical analysis of the 106 analyzed articles, the content was organized into five thematic categories to facilitate understanding, as presented below.…”

“…This seems to be a characteristic of studies on OBS, to the detriment of qualitative research that could provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the syndrome (54) . Overall, studies propose generalizations without giving due attention to the specificities of hospital sectors, assuming that the different work contexts present similar risks for the onset of OBS (71,94) , which is not always proven. Furthermore, emergency rooms and palliative care units are the least investigated sites probably due to difficulties in research operationalization (14,41,57,102) , although a small concentration of studies on OBS in intensive care nurses can be found (19,22,(39)(40)(92)(93) .…”

“…Studies rely on samples ranging from 11 to 11,000 participants, and because there is no standard for measuring the syndrome, it is not possible to conduct a more categorical assessment of the results. However, by analyzing the mean scores of some studies, in most cases it can be noticed that nursing professionals manifest low-moderate EE, low DS and moderate PA (2)(3)17,19,23,(27)(28)30,34,36,(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)57,(59)(60)(62)(63)(64)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)91,(93)(94)101,105) . Nursing technicians and assistants have higher levels of the syndrome compared to nurses, although this difference is small (10,13,50,91) .…”

Indicators of burnout in Primary Health Care workers

“…However, the gaps in the scientific knowledge of these risks are still identified in the work of nurses and other PHC workers who face different challenges to meet SUS demands. There is presence of work stressors that can favor the appearance of burnout, since these workers are directly exposed to the reality of communities where they work (5) .…”