Fats and major fatty acids present in edible insects utilised as food and livestock feed

Kolobe, Sekobane Daniel; Manyelo, Tlou Grace; Malematja, Emmanuel; Sebola, Nthabiseng Amenda; Mabelebele, Monnye

doi:10.1016/j.vas.2023.100312

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Consequently, in terms of human nutrition, the fat from insect species like Tenebrio molitor , Acheta domesticus , and Gryllus bimaculatus demonstrates a more favorable PUFA/SFA ratio than Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. The fat content and fatty acid profile of the tested insects were similar to the results of other studies [ 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Chemical and Nutritional Fat Profile of Acheta domesticus, Gryllus bimaculatus, Tenebrio molitor and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Orkusz,

Dymińska,

Banaś

et al. 2023

Foods

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The use of edible insects in the human diet is gaining importance because they are characterized by high nutritional value, and their cultivation is much more environmentally friendly than traditional livestock farming. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and nutritional fat profile of selected edible insects as follows: house cricket (Acheta domesticus adult), field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus adult), mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larvae), and palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus larvae) which are now commercially available worldwide. Additionally, the degree of implementation of nutrition standards for selected nutrients by these insects was assessed. Freeze-dried insects were studied using infrared-attenuated total reflectance mid-infrared spectroscopy for basic differentiation. The content of fat and fatty acids was determined, and dietary indicators were calculated. The spectroscopic findings align with biochemical data, revealing that Rhynchophorus ferrugineus larvae contain the highest fat content and the least protein. Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) predominated in the fat of the assessed insects. The highest content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), along with the lowest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), was observed in the larvae of the Rhynchophorus ferrugineus species. From a nutritional standpoint, Tenebrio molitor larvae exhibit the most favorable indicators, characterized by minimal athero- and thrombogenic effects, along with an optimal balance of hypo- and hypercholesterolemic acids. Knowledge of the composition and quantities of fats in different insect species is valuable for planning and preparing meals with accurate nutritional profiles, among other applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Chemical and Nutritional Fat Profile of Acheta domesticus, Gryllus bimaculatus, Tenebrio molitor and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Orkusz,

Dymińska,

Banaś

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…Additionally, F. maritima has a lower n-6/n-3 ratio than T. molitor (0.5 and 17.8 to 64.3, respectively) [50]. The amount of n-3 LC-PUFAs in F. maritima is higher than any other insect species currently allowed by the EU to be produced as animal feed, namely M. domestica, H. illucens, T. molitor, Alphitobius diaperinus, Acheta domesticus, Gryllodes sigillatus, G. assimilis, and B. mori [51][52][53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Fatty Acid Profile and Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Load of Wild-Caught Seaweed Fly Fucellia maritima (Haliday, 1838) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)

Lourenço,

Calado,

Pinho

et al. 2024

Insects

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World aquaculture is expected to continue to grow over the next few decades, which amplifies the need for a higher production of sustainable feed ingredients for aquatic animals. Insects are considered good candidates for aquafeed ingredients because of their ability to convert food waste into highly nutritional biomass. However, commercially available terrestrial insect species lack n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), which are essential biomolecules for marine cultured species. Nevertheless, several coastal insect species feature LC-PUFAs in their natural fatty acid (FA) profile. Here, we analysed the lipidic profile of wild-caught seaweed fly Fucellia maritima, with a focus on their FA profile, to evaluate its potential to be used as an aquafeed ingredient, as well as to screen for the presence of pathogenic bacteria. Results showed that the flies had a total lipid content of 13.2% of their total dry weight. The main classes of phospholipids (PLs) recorded were phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) (60.8%), followed by phosphatidylcholine (PC) (17.1%). The most abundant FA was palmitoleic acid (C16:0) with 34.9% ± 4.3 of total FAs, followed by oleic acid (C18:1) with 30.4% ± 2.3. The FA composition of the flies included essential fatty acids (EFAs) for both freshwater fish, namely linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) with 3.4% ± 1.3 and alpha-linoleic acid (C18:3 n-3) with 3.4% ± 1.9, and marine fish, namely arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) with 1.1% ± 0.3 and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3) with 6.1% ± 1.2. The microbiological analysis found 9.1 colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g) of Enterobacteriaceae and no presence of Salmonella sp. was detected in a sample of 25 g of fresh weight. These findings indicate that Fucellia maritima biomass holds the potential to be used as an additional aquafeed ingredient due to its FA profile and the low count of pathogenic bacteria, which can contribute to the optimal growth of fish and shrimp with a low risk of pathogen transfer during the feed production chain.

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“…The higher composition of fat and certain fatty acids in the abdomen of black ants Smith may serve as flavour precursor during cooking or food processing and ultimately enhancing the taste, thereby increasing consumer acceptance (Cheseto et al, 2020;Shahidi and Hossain, 2022). Recently, Kolobe et al (2023) reported that high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in Carebara vidua is directly influence the flavour of food materials, enhancing the palatability by facilitating their flavour retention. A recent survey finding revealed that 70% of the respondents from Western cultures express a preference to consume edible insects-based food products when the natural appearance is concealed (Ros-Baró et al, 2022).…”

Section: Records Of Consumption and Consumer Acceptance Of Edible Bla...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible black ant Smith (Carebara vidua) as human food – A systematic review

Siddiqui,

Ho,

Adimulam

et al. 2024

J. Insects Food Feed

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Meeting food security is one of the major global challenges to ensure sufficient supply of food for current and future generations, considering increasing population growth and climate change issues. Consequently, the consumption of edible insects as an alternative food source has recently gained global attention for combating global food insecurity. The present review aims to provide information on the recent progress in consumption of edible black ant Smith, particularly Carebara vidua, as the main focus. The global consumption record of edible black ant Smith and consumer acceptance as well as the strategies used to increase consumer acceptance of eating edible black ant smith were proposed. In addition, the bioecology of black ant Smith was covered in this review. Further, details are provided in this review on the benefits to health, economy, and environment of practicing eating edible insects such as black ant Smith. Focus on the potential uses of Carebara vidua as a food ingredient in culinary cuisine and their safety concerns from rearing until processing were highlighted. The SCOPUS database was analysed using bibliometric software to understand the connections between recent scientific outputs and ant as human food thoroughly. BioRender software was used to create scientific figures. It is noteworthy to highlight that black ant smith contains high protein and micronutrient, especially iron and zinc are higher than that of plant-, animal-based food, and seafood that contribute significantly to meeting the daily protein and mineral intake amount for human. Moreover, the exhibition of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of edible black ant smith suggests that it can be used as a future functional ingredients for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics purposes. Hence, edible black ant smith is promising as an alternative and potential source of food or medicine for sustainable food security.

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Fats and major fatty acids present in edible insects utilised as food and livestock feed

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

Chemical and Nutritional Fat Profile of Acheta domesticus, Gryllus bimaculatus, Tenebrio molitor and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Chemical and Nutritional Fat Profile of Acheta domesticus, Gryllus bimaculatus, Tenebrio molitor and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Fatty Acid Profile and Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Load of Wild-Caught Seaweed Fly Fucellia maritima (Haliday, 1838) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)

Edible black ant Smith (Carebara vidua) as human food – A systematic review

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