Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue and diet in postmenopausal US women

Abstract

The distributions of fatty acids in subcutaneous-adipose-tissue aspirates and their relation to intake as assessed by a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire were investigated in 115 postmenopausal US women free from cancer. Percentages of fatty acids in adipose tissue were significantly correlated with the percentage of total fat intake for polyunsaturated fatty acids (Spearman correlation = 0.37), n-3 fatty acids of marine origin (Spearman correlation = 0.48), and trans fatty acids (Spearman correlation = 0.51) but not for saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Correlations were somewhat stronger in 78 women with stable weight over the 6 mo before fat aspiration. These data suggest that intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including n-3 fatty acids, and trans fatty acids are reflected in the adipose tissue but that intakes of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are not. The data also provide further support for the validity of the food-frequency questionnaire in the assessment of fat intake.

Intake of ruminant trans fatty acids and changes in body weight and waist circumference

“…34,35 Published correlation coefficients between TFA intake (as percentage of total fat) estimated from FFQ and the proportion of TFA in adipose tissue have varied between 0.29 and 0.67. [36][37][38][39][40] Biomarkers may provide a more accurate measure of TFA intake than obtained with FFQ since biomarkers of dietary intake are not affected by the participants' memory or differential reporting. However, it is not possible to quantify TFA intakes from proportions of TFA in adipose tissue.…”

Nutrient intake in women with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome

“…The FFQ, which has been extensively validated in adults (Willett et al, 1987;London et al, 1991;Stryker et al, 1991;Hu et al, 1999), consists of a list of 147 food items that represent the major sources of multiple nutrients. The FFQ also contains a section where a subject can indicate foods, not otherwise listed in the survey, that are consumed at least once a week.…”

Intake of milk fat, reflected in adipose tissue fatty acids and risk of myocardial infarction: a case–control study

“…However, in the mammary glands, shorter chain fatty acids are synthesized due to the presence of a tissue-specific chainterminating enzyme, thioesterase II ( Thompson and Smith, 1985). All three fatty acids (14:0, 15:0 and 17:0) are also present in ruminant fat (beef and lamb meat) and in fat from fish, but generally, dairy products are the main source.The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue partly reflects the relative proportion of fatty acids in the diet (London et al, 1991), and Wolk et al (1998 have shown that the content of 14:0, 15:0 and 17:0 in adipose tissue and serum lipid fractions are valid biomarkers for long-term intake of dairy fat in populations with high intake of such products. In epidemiologic studies, use of biomarkers may provide a more accurate and objective measure for long-term intake than information from dietary questionnaires.…”