Fatty Acid Content in Biomasses: State-of-the-Art and Novel Physical Property Estimation Methods

Abstract

In line with the growing environmental awareness developed along the last decades, modern societies are urged to evolve into sustainable economics where the reuse of organic wastes represents the key feedstock for a green transaction. The oil phase obtained from different biomasses has the potential to be a source of food supplements, medicines, cosmetics, or feedstock for biofuel production. In the present work, the composition of 104 different biomasses including seeds, peels, flowers, plants, and leaves has been reviewed for the lipid content. Based on the most frequent fatty acids screened, experimental data for normal boiling point temperature, normal melting point, critical properties, and acentric factor were collected and compared with the most common estimation methods, which are functions of the molecular structure and interaction between different functional groups. New predictive equations have been proposed to reduce the estimation deviation and to provide simple correlations to be used in simulation software when dealing with biomass processes. For all the properties, the estimations proposed have an absolute average deviation equal to or lower than 4.6%.

Topology Optimisation of Structural Steel with Non-Penalisation SEMDOT: Optimisation, Physical Nonlinear Analysis, and Benchmarking

“…Within the construction industry, steel design, and specifically connections, show an unmatched potential for adding value with TO. Contrary to previous work, where complex properties have delayed the widespread use of TO [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], steel alloys tend to show isotropic properties for tension and compression stresses, except for buckling failure, which can be restricted with smart design approaches. The usage of TO techniques is facilitating the growth of Additive Manufacturing (AM), which can create manufacturable structures from TO results [40].…”

Property estimation of palmitoylethanolamide and sucrose palmitate for process design from methyl palmitate

“…Meanwhile, BIODIESEL databank was used for Monopalmitin. We compared the accuracy of each estimation method in terms of the absolute deviation (AD) and the absolute relative deviation (ARD) [36] as defined in equation ( 5) and ( 6). The estimation methods with the lowest AD and ARD values for each property would be used to estimate property parameters of palmitoylethanolamide and sucrose palmitate.…”