Fatty acid, epinephrine, and glucagon hyperglycemia in normal and depancreatized sheep

Rw, Phillips; Wa, House; Miller, R.W.S.; Mott, JL; D, Sooby

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.217.5.1265

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Since glucagon can increase hepatic glycogenolysis, glucagon secretion (triggered by processes in the gastrointestinal tract) might be involved in regulating hepatic glucose output at this time. The finding that the hyperglycaemic effect of propionic and butyric acids is dependent on the presence of an intact pancreas in sheep (Phillips et al 1969) suggests that these acids stimulate the secretion of glucagon as well as that of insulin (Manns and Boda 1967). This raises the possibility that increases in the concentration in plasma of these short-chain fatty acids may playa part in stimulating both glucagon and insulin secretion.…”

Section: (D) Plasma Urea Sodium and Potassium Ooncentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Glucagon on Plasma Concentrations of Insulin. Growth Hormone, Glucose and Free Fatty Acids in Sheep: Comparison with the Effects of Catecholamines

Bassett¹

1971

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Glucagon, adrenaline, and isoprenaline were administered to adult sheep by intravenous infusion at a rate of 5 p.g/min for 2 hr.Plasma glucose concentration increased more rapidly during glucagon infusion than during infusion of either adrenaline or isoprenaline.Plasma insulin concentration increased rapidly during glucagon infusion, but the increase was less than that observed during infusion of isoprenaline. There was almost no increase in plasma insulin during infusion of adrenaline despite marked hyperglycaemia.Plasma growth hormone concentration increased during glucagon infusion, but high levels were not maintained. Both adrenaline and isoprenaline decreased growth hormone concentration.Plasma free fatty acid concentrations decreased during glucagon infusion. Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations also decreased but the plasma concentration of urea nitrogen was not altered during glucagon infusion.Intravenous infusion of glucagon at rates of 0·5 and O· 1 p.g/min for 2 hr also significantly increased plasma glucose, insulin, and growth hormone concentration and decreased plasma free fatty acid concentration. Infusion of glucagon at lower rates (0·05 and 0·01 p.g/min) had no significant effects.

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Section: (D) Plasma Urea Sodium and Potassium Ooncentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that glucagon in high doses can increase the blood glucose level of sheep (Ho and Reber 1957;Phillips et al 1969) but the exact role of glucagon in ruminants remains virtually unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Glucagon on Plasma Concentrations of Insulin. Growth Hormone, Glucose and Free Fatty Acids in Sheep: Comparison with the Effects of Catecholamines

Bassett¹

1971

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…For personal use only. Phillips et al (1969) and Burk (1970). However, it is of interest that no effect was observed under the present circumstances on the conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine, the active form of the hormone at the cellular level (Oppenheimer et al 1972 show a half-life of 5.5 h for triiodothyronine, is derived peripherally from monodeiodination of thyroxine (Fisher et al 1972) and since certain goitrogens markedly reduce the rate of conversion of L-thyroxine to L-triiodothyronine (Oppenheimer et al 1972) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Substitution of Rapeseed Meal for Soybean Meal as a Source of Protein for Lactating Cows

Fisher¹,

Walsh²

1976

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Thus in sheep and goats indirect evidence of pancreatic glucagon secretion in response to infusions of propionate, butyrate, isovalerate, hexanoate, octanoate, and possibly decanoate (but not acetate or lactate or dodecylsulphate) was found during earlier studies when it was noticed that hypoglycaemia was usually not produced by the infusion in spite of the resultant hyperinsulinaemia (Ash et aT. 1964;Phillips et aT. 1969;Ambo et al 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Studies With the Autotransplanted Ovine Pancreas: Glucagon and Insulin Secretion

Arcus¹,

Ellis²,

Kirk³

et al. 1976

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Basic studies on the secretion of glucagon and insulin by the ovine pancreatic autotransplant in the neck are described. Of the 17 transplants in the series none failed to secrete glucagon and only three failed to secrete insulin in detectable amounts. The longest surviving transplant actively secreted both hormones 3 years after transplantation and five other transplants were functional and the animals healthy after 16 months. Exocrine secretion disappears shortly after transplantation.Sodium butyrate and alanine each promoted the secretion of both hormones by the transplant. Glucagon failed to promote insulin secretion by the transplant, although it apparently stimulated the ovine in situ pancreas. The immediate (presumably direct) effect of insulin was to inhibit transplant glucagon secretion. Hypoglycaemia induced by peripheral insulin administration failed to stimulate glucagon secretion by the transplant, although it did promote glucagon secretion by the ovine in situ pancreas. Heparin did not markedly suppress basal transplant secretion of either glucagon or insulin.Phasic response patterns occurred with both hormones during long butyrate perfusions, although first-phase responsiveness was not a constant feature. In one trial, first-phase responses fell off with repeated short butyrate infusions. Glucagon and insulin secretory patterns in response to butyrate were remarkably alike, suggesting a common mechanism.Loss of specific functions by the ovine pancreas after transplantation is discussed.

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Fatty acid, epinephrine, and glucagon hyperglycemia in normal and depancreatized sheep

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Glucagon on Plasma Concentrations of Insulin. Growth Hormone, Glucose and Free Fatty Acids in Sheep: Comparison with the Effects of Catecholamines

The Effects of Glucagon on Plasma Concentrations of Insulin. Growth Hormone, Glucose and Free Fatty Acids in Sheep: Comparison with the Effects of Catecholamines

Substitution of Rapeseed Meal for Soybean Meal as a Source of Protein for Lactating Cows

Studies With the Autotransplanted Ovine Pancreas: Glucagon and Insulin Secretion

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