Fatty Acid Metabolism in Endothelial Cell

Abstract

The endothelium is a monolayer of cells lining the inner blood vessels. Endothelial cells (ECs) play indispensable roles in angiogenesis, homeostasis, and immune response under normal physiological conditions, and their dysfunction is closely associated with pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases. Abnormal EC metabolism, especially dysfunctional fatty acid (FA) metabolism, contributes to the development of many diseases including pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this review, we focus on discussing the latest advances in FA metabolism in ECs under normal and pathological conditions with an emphasis on PH. We also highlight areas of research that warrant further investigation.

Altered tumor signature and T‐cell profile after chemotherapy reveal new therapeutic opportunities in high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma

“…Secondly, endothelial cells were clustered into those of post capillary venules (EC0_ACKR1), tip cells (EC1_ANGPT2), capillary (EC2_FABP4), pericytes (EC3_ACTA2), and lymphatic vessels (EC4_PROX1) (Figure S4B) 19,26 . Interestingly, post‐chemotherapy endothelial cells exhibited an upregulation of genes related to fatty acid uptake, including FABP4 and CD36 (Figure S4A) 27 . As half of post‐chemotherapy samples were collected from the omentum, the adipogenic gene expression is likely influenced by omental adipocytes in addition to the chemotherapy 28 .…”

“…19,26 Interestingly, post-chemotherapy endothelial cells exhibited an upregulation of genes related to fatty acid uptake, including FABP4 and CD36 (Figure S4A). 27 As half of post-chemotherapy samples were collected from the omentum, the adipogenic gene expression is likely influenced by omental adipocytes in addition to the chemotherapy. 28 Thirdly, myeloid cells were clustered into macrophages (MC0_APOE, MC1_STMN1), monocytes (MC2_FCN1), and conventional or plasmacytoid dendritic cells (MC3_LAMP3 or MC4_IRF4) (Figure S5B).…”

The Effects of FABP4 on Cardiovascular Disease in the Aging Population

“…Clearly considering FABP4 as an adipocyte-only-FABP is oversimplifying matters. Preclinical work has shown that FABP4 is critical for intracellular fatty acid transportation in the endothelium, affecting cellular adherence and altering cytokine expression [25]; stimulation through VEGFA and PPARγ induces endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis [91]. Ectopic endothelial expression of FABP4 induces an inflammatory response from VSMCs and increase proliferation and migration [25].…”

Single-cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Identified Fatty Acid-binding Proteins Controlling Endothelial Glycolytic and Arterial Programming in Pulmonary Hypertension

“…Using a combination of high-throughput liquid-and-gas-chromatography-based mass spectrometry analysis on human PAH lung, Zhao et al demonstrated an increase of ý-oxidation in fatty acids and upregulation of lipid oxidation in PAH lungs 11 . However, these studies are mainly observational and the role of fatty acid metabolism during PAH development and progression remains elusive 12 .…”