Fatty acid profile and proliferation of bovine blood mononuclear cells after conjugated linoleic acid supplementation

Abstract

BackgroundConjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are in focus of dairy cattle research because of its milk fat reducing effects. Little is known about the impact of CLA on immune function in dairy cows. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the effects of a long term supplementation of dairy cows with CLA on the fatty acid profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their proliferation ex vivo.ResultsThe supplementation of dairy cows with either 100 g/d of a control fat preparation (CON, n = 15), 50 g/d of the control fat preparation and 50 g/d CLA supplement – containing 12.0% cis-9, trans-11 and 11.9% trans-10, cis-12 CLA of total fatty acid methyl esters – (CLA-50, n = 15) or 100 g/d of the CLA supplement (CLA-100, n = 16) did not influence the major fatty acids (C18:0, C16:0, cis-9 C18:1, cis-9, cis-12 C18:2, cis-5, cis-8, cis-11, cis-14 C20:4) in the lipid fraction of PBMC. The proportion of trans-10, cis-12 CLA of total fatty acids was increased in both CLA supplemented groups, but there was no effect on the cis-9, trans-11 isomer. Furthermore, the proportion of trans-9 C18:1 and cis-12 C24:1 was reduced in the CLA-100 group. The mitogen stimulated cell proliferation was not influenced by CLA feeding.ConclusionCLA supplementation influenced the FA profile of some minor FA in PBMC, but these changes did not lead to differences in the mitogen induced activation of the cells.

Impacts of CLA and dietary concentrate proportion on blood metabolite concentration and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of periparturient dairy cows

“…The proportion of trans-10, cis-12 CLA of total fatty acids in bovine PBMC was observed to be increased, whereas the proportion of trans-9 C 18 : 1 and cis-12 C 24 : 1 was reduced. However, observed alterations in the fatty acid profile did not have an impact on the function of PBMC since no differences in the mitogen-induced activation of PBMC were observed (Renner et al, 2012a). Results indicate that the function of bovine PBMC was not influenced by CLA supplementation, which agrees with findings from other studies (Hussen et al, 2011;Renner et al, 2012b) and the present observation.…”

“…This is in accordance with other studies (Dänicke et al, 2012;Renner et al, 2012a and2012b), also observing that the SI changed in the course of lactation. Dairy cows are known to be immune compromised around parturition (Mallard et al, 1998), reflected in an impaired lymphocyte function (Franklin et al, 1991;Goff, 2006) and also in a reduced response of PBMC to mitogen-stimulation (Nonnecke et al, 2003;Loiselle et al, 2009).…”

“…However, CLA supplementation neither influenced milk energy output nor blood NEFA values nor the mitogen-stimulated proliferation of PBMC in the present study, indicating that CLA did not have the potential to ameliorate the effects of a compromised immune function. This assumption can be confirmed by previous studies, observing unaffected NEFA levels and stimulation indices even if CLA supplementation led to a milk fat reduction (Pappritz et al, 2011;von Soosten et al, 2011;Renner et al, 2012a and2012b).…”

“…Renner et al (2012a) examined the fatty acid profile and proliferation of PBMC after a long-term supplementation (day 1 to 189 p.p.) of either 4 or 8 g trans-10, cis-12 CLA per day to dairy cows and observed that supplemented CLA influenced the fatty acid profile in bovine PBMC.…”

Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids on cellular immune response of piglets after cyclosporin A injection

“…CLA has many important properties that regulate physiological and metabolic responses, for example, immune modulation, anti-cancer effects, prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and weight control (Ip et al, 1991;Houseknecht et al, 1998;Islam et al, 2010;Eftekhari et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2013). In animal production, studies on the effects of CLA on immune function have thus far been conducted in the normal physiological status or inflammatory challenge status (O'Shea et al, 2004;Lai et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2005;Renner et al, 2012).…”