Fatty acid status and behavioural symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in adolescents: A case-control study

Colter, Ashley L; Cutler, Caroline; Meckling, Kelly A.

doi:10.1186/1475-2891-7-8

Cited by 133 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It is known from observational studies that the levels of ω-3 fatty acids such as ALA and DHA, but also of ω-6 fatty acids such as AA, are lower in the erythrocytic membrane phospholipids and plasma of children and adults with ADHD symptoms as opposed to healthy individuals [5,32,34,83,84,121,123,141]. The PUFA levels in the phospholipids of the erythrocytic membranes are most suitable for assessing the PUFA status within the organism.…”

Section: Results From Observational Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for the development and behaviour of children

et al. 2009

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omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a central role in the normal development and functioning of the brain and central nervous system. Long-chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5omega-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6omega-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4omega-6), in particular, are involved in numerous neuronal processes, ranging from effects on membrane fluidity to gene expression regulation. Deficiencies and imbalances of these nutrients, not only during the developmental phase but throughout the whole life span, have significant effects on brain function. Numerous observational studies have shown a link between childhood developmental disorders and omega-6:omega-3 fatty acid imbalances. For instance, neurocognitive disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, dyspraxia and autism spectrum disorders are often associated with a relative lack of omega-3 fatty acids. In addition to a high omega-6 fatty acid intake and, in many cases, an insufficient supply of omega-3 fatty acids among the population, evidence is increasing to suggest that PUFA metabolism can be impaired in individuals with ADHD. In this context, PUFA imbalances are being discussed as potential risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders. Another focus is whether the nutritive PUFA requirements-especially long-chain omega-3 fatty acid requirements-are higher among some individuals. Meanwhile, several controlled studies investigated the clinical benefits of LC-PUFA supplementation in affected children and adolescents, with occasionally conflicting results.

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Section: Results From Observational Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for the development and behaviour of children

et al. 2009

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“…Bununla birlikte, YA dağılımı, n-3 YA eksikliğini yansıt-mamaktadır. Adölesan DEHB hastalarının aynı yaştaki kontrol grubu ile diyet alımı farklılıklarının karşılaştırıldığı bir çalışmada (40), DEHB grubunun daha fazla enerji ve yağ tükettiği ancak antropometrik öl-çümlerinin benzer olduğu görülmüştür. DEHB'li çocuklar, kontrollerle eşdeğer miktarlarda omega-3 ve omega-6 yağ asitleri tüketirken, vü-cutta DHA (22: 6n-3) ve toplam omega-3 yağ asitleri düzeyi düşük, omega-6 yağ asitleri yüksek ve n-3:n-6 oranı kontrollerden daha dü-şük bulunmuştur.…”

Section: Dehb'de Yağ Asitleriunclassified

Nutrition in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Ünal¹,

Özenoğlu²

2016

Clin Exp Health Sci

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Bu çalışmada farklı nörogelişimsel bozuklukları (NB) olan çocuklarda gö-rülen beslenme sorunları ve bu çocuklarda sağlığa yararlı olabilecek farklı diyet müdahaleleri üzerine yapılan çalışmaların derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nörogelişimsel bozukluğu olan çocukların beslenme durumu ve müdaha-leleri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar PUBMED veritabanı üzerinden 'gelişimsel bozukluklar' , 'otizm' , 'dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu' ve 'beslenme durumu' anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak derlenmiştir. Bu derleme sonucunda, entelektüel yetersizlikleri olan çocukların daha az aktif ve obezite prevalansının daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Beslenme güçlüğü ve yeme bozukluğu varlığında malnütrisyon olasılığı göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan ve olmayan çocukların beslenmesi ve besin alımı arasındaki farklılıklar belirsizdir. OSB'li çocukların süt ürünleri tüketiminin daha az olduğu; kalsiyum ve D vitamini alımının düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir ve bu bulgu, kemik sağlığı için endişelenilmesi gereken bir durumdur. Glutensiz-kazeinsiz diyet, OSB'li çocuklarda görülen çölyak gibi besin alerjilerden kaçınmak için önerilmektedir. Ancak, kesin delil bulununcaya kadar kısıtlayıcı diyetler sadece bir besin alerjisi veya intoleransı tespit edilmesi durumunda uygulanmalıdır. Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) olan çocuklarda gözlenen yağ asidi profilindeki bozulmanın yol açtığı davranış sorunlarının omega-3 tedavisi ile belirli düzeyde iyileşme sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Dokosaheksaenoik asit (DHA) desteği, dislekside karanlığa adaptasyon için ve disprakside hareket becerilerinin gelişimine yardımcı olabilir. Motor engelli çocuklar, düşük kemik kütlesi ve kırıklar için risk altındadır. Kötü beslenme durumu, motor bozukluklar için ek bir risk faktörü olabilir. Pek çok çalışmada beslenme müdahalelerinin yararları gös-terilmiş olmasına rağmen, bu veriler rutin olarak her hastaya beslenme tedavisi uygulamak için yeterli değildir. Gereksiz diyet kısıtlamaları veya takviyelerini önlemek için, geçerliliği doğrulanmış çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Derleme / Review AbstractIn this study, it was aimed to review studies on feeding difficulties in children with different neurodevelopmental disorders (ND's), and to assess whether different nutrition interventions could be beneficial for the health of children. Studies on nutrition status and interventions in children with ND's were compiled using the keywords; 'developmental disabilities' , 'autism' , 'attention deficit hyperactivity disorder' and 'nutrition status' on the PUBMED database. According to this review, children with intellectual disabilities are less active and have a high prevalence of obesity. With existing eating and feeding disorders, malnutrition should also be considered. Differences in nutrition and nutrient intake in children with and without autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are unclear. It was determined that children with ASD consume fewer dairy foods, less calcium, and vitamin D, which is a concern for bone health. Gluten-free lactose-f...

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“…Numerous reports of adverse reactions to stimulants in medicated and nonmedicated children (Sonuga-Barke et al 2009), growth and development changes in nonmedicated children (Ptacek et al 2009), and severe side effects in different variants of ADHD (Gruber et al 2009) provide enough rationale to invest in alternative therapies. For example, results of different studies suggest that zinc (Arnold et al 2000(Arnold et al , 2005, omega-3 fatty acids (Colter et al 2008;Johnson et al 2009b;Vaisman et al 2008), L-carnitine (Torrioli et al 2008), iron (Konofal et al 2008, flax oil, and vitamin C (Joshi et al 2006) supplements may be important for treatment of ADHD. A randomized controlled trial that assessed the efficacy of a restricted elimination diet in reducing symptoms in an unselected group of children with ADHD concluded that a strictly supervised elimination diet may be a valuable instrument in testing young children with ADHD on whether dietary factors may contribute to the manifestation of the disorder and may have a beneficial effect on the children's behavior (Pelsser et al 2009b).…”

Section: Future Directions Of Adhd Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug policy and treatment bias due to the dopamine-deficit theory of child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Rastmanesh

2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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Abnormal dopamine (DA) transporter functioning has long been suspected to be involved in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). My extensive search on theories concerning ADHD included: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, Complementary and Alternative Medicine-specific databases, Informit, JST, plus grey literature and trial registries from inception to May 2010. A new understanding of ADHD pathophysiology is required. DA-deficit theory of ADHD is insufficient to cover critical aspects of ADHD pathology and medication. The dominance of this theory discourages the human and financial investments needed to explore alternative theories and has caused an evident bias in health and drug policies. A combined theory of altered DA and serotonin (5HT), deficit DA, and weakened prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuits may serve as a good alternate to DA-theory alone. This combined theory may influence the future of drug polices, pharmaceutical investments, treatment options, and drug developments.

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Fatty acid status and behavioural symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in adolescents: A case-control study

Cited by 133 publications

References 34 publications

Significance of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for the development and behaviour of children

Significance of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for the development and behaviour of children

Nutrition in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Drug policy and treatment bias due to the dopamine-deficit theory of child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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