Fatty acids composition of some freshwater fish

Nguyen

J of Separation Science

et al. 2015

The determination of nicotine and its major metabolites (cotinine and anabasine) in fish tissue was performed using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Marine and freshwater fish were purchased from local grocery stores and were prepared based on a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample preparation protocol. To determine the highly polar compounds, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was also used. There were modest suppressions on measured nicotine signals (10%) due to the matrix effects from marine fish but no obvious effects on freshwater fish signals. Method validation was incorporated with internal standards and carried out with matrix-matched calibration. The detection limits for nicotine, cotinine, and anabasine were 9.4, 3.0, and 1.5 ng/g in fish, respectively. Precision was quite acceptable returning less than 8% RSD at low, medium, and high concentrations. Acceptable and reproducible extraction recoveries (70-120%) of all three compounds were achieved, except for anabasine at low concentration (61%). The method was then applied to define nicotine bioaccumulation in a fathead minnow model, which resulted in rapid uptake with steady state internal tissue levels, reached within 12 h. This developed method offers a fast, easy, and sensitive way to evaluate nicotine and its metabolite residues in fish tissues.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of nicotine and its metabolites accumulated in fish tissue using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

Nguyen

J of Separation Science

et al. 2015

“…Fish, especially oily fish from cold water, such as cod, tuna, and mackerel, are excellent sources of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), predominantly EPA and DHA. Marine fish are a better source of n-3 essential fatty acid (EFA), while freshwater fish are a good source of n-6 EFA [ 5 , 6 ]. However, overfishing has significantly reduced the availability of fish as EPA, DHA, and ARA sources, necessitating the exploration of alternative sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Functional Analysis of Fads Reveals Δ5 Desaturation Activity during Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Dwarf Surf Clam Mulinia lateralis

Teng,

Zheng,

Jiao

et al. 2024

Genes

Fatty acid desaturases (Fads), as key enzymes in the biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), catalyze the desaturation between defined carbons of fatty acyl chains and control the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. In the present study, two Fads genes, designated MulFadsA and MulFadsB, were identified from the genome of the dwarf surf clam Mulinia lateralis (Mollusca, Mactridae), and their spatiotemporal expression was examined. MulFadsA and MulFadsB contained the corresponding conserved functional domains and clustered closely with their respective orthologs from other mollusks. Both genes were expressed in the developmental stages and all tested adult tissues of M. lateralis, with MulFadsA exhibiting significantly higher expression levels in adult tissues than MulFadsB. Subsequently, the effects of dietary microalgae on Fads expressions in the dwarf surf clam were investigated by feeding clams with two types of unialgal diets varying in fatty acid content, i.e., Chlorella pyrenoidosa (Cp) and Platymonas helgolandica (Ph). The results show that the expressions of MulFads were significantly upregulated among adult tissues in the Cp group compared with those in the Ph group. In addition, we observed the desaturation activity of MulFadsA via heterologous expression in yeasts, revealing Δ5 desaturation activity toward PUFA substrates. Taken together, these results provide a novel perspective on M. lateralis LC-PUFA biosynthesis, expanding our understanding of fatty acid synthesis in marine mollusks.

Body Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of Carps under the Influence of Ammonium Nitrate and Feed Supplementation

Ramzan,

Abbas Tahir,

Khan

et al. 2023

MJZ

Aquaculture plays a significant role in the food requirements of an increasing population. Fertilization, composition of diet and its feeding rates affect the fish meat quality. Objectives: To observe the body composition and fatty acid profile of carps towards rice polish and maize gluten supplementation in ammonium nitrate fertilized ponds. Methods: Two earthen ponds containing total 55 fishes were selected with each pond stocked with Rohu (Labeo rohita), Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Mori (Cirrhinus mrigala) at the final ratio of 2:1:1 respectively. Ammonium nitrate and rice polish was the feed in pond 1 while ammonium nitrate and maize gluten were the feed in pond 2. Results: Proximate analysis of fish meat samples showed that Labeo rohita showed maximum moisture contents in P1 (78.51%) and minimum in P2 (77.27%) in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Maximum crude protein was recorded as (17.93%) in L. rohita, under P2 whereas minimum crude protein was observed in P1 (16.81%) in L. rohita. C. mrigala remained well-known with minimum fat contents (1.71%) in P2 but maximum (1.96) in Labeo rohita in P2. H. molitrix gave the major ash contents of (1.85%) in P1 as compared to other experimental fish species. Highest position of carbohydrate contents in P1 was occupied by H. molitrix. The most abundant fatty acids recovered were monounsaturated fatty acids (37%) followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (33%) and saturated fatty acids (29%). Conclusions: The body composition and fatty acid profile of carps varies depending upon their diet and feeding rate.