Fatty Acids in Recent and Ancient Sediments and Petroleum Reservoir Waters

Cooper, J.

doi:10.1038/193744a0

Cited by 81 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This hypothesis seems to be supported by comparative studies of fatty acids and hydrocarbons in recent and ancient sediments (Cooper, 1962;Kvenvolden, 1968;Douglas et al, 1968) as well as heating experi ments of pure fatty acids Eisma, 1964, 1968;Johns, 1971, 1972). However, experimental verification of the above hypothesis is required, since (1) the yields of hydrocarbons generated in heating experiments from fatty acids (Shimoyama and Johns, 1971) are low (less than 0.2%), (2) concentrations of fatty acids observed in a Tertiary core are low compared with hydrocarbons, and fatty acids do not decrease in sediment layers where bitumen generation is suggested (Johns, 1979); (3) heating experiments with Recent sediments did show an increase rather than decrease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Behavior of lipid compounds on laboratory heating of a Recent sediment.

Kawamura

Ishiwatari

1985

Geochem. J.

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A lacustrine sediment has been subjected to laboratory heating at 68-325°C for 24h. Various lipid classes were extracted from the unheated and heated sediment samples and analyzed by gas chromato graphy and GC-MS. The compounds recognized include; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, (3-, co and (w-1)-hydroxy acids, a,w-dicarboxylic acids, fatty alcohols and n-alkanes. The carbon and nitrogen contents and the KMn04 oxidative degradation products (a, w-diacids) of geopolymers (kerogen and humic compounds) in the extracted residues were determined. The absorbance at 400nm of humic compounds extracted from the residue was also measured.Most of the extractable (unbound + bound) lipid class compound concentrations increase with tem perature from 150 to 250°C. This can be interpreted in terms of: (1) a release of compounds incor porated and/or associated with geopolymers in a tightly bound form, and/or (2) their production by a-, (3-, w and (w-1) oxidation of certain precursors or by other mechanisms.Some organic compounds decompose after reaching maximum concentrations at different tempera tures: Q-hydroxy acids (154°C), w-hydroxy acids (179°C), (w-1)-hydroxy acids (179°C), n-alcohols (229°C), phytanic acid (254°C), a,w-dicarboxylic acids (279°C). However, alkanoic acids do not decrease even at 325°C. Normal alkanes increase throughout the heating. Their concentrations at 325°C are 16 times higher than in the unheated sediment.The amounts of KMn04 degradation products (diacids) of geopolymers drastically decrease at tem peratures higher than 200°C, which implies that structural changes of kerogen and humic compounds occur upon heating. Absorbance of humic compounds also shows a drastic change at the same temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Behavior of lipid compounds on laboratory heating of a Recent sediment.

Kawamura

Ishiwatari

1985

Geochem. J.

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“…"n-paraffins (C J2 -C 3i ) η-fatty acids (Ci 0 -C 32 ) "n-paraffins (C u -C 3l ) η-fatty acids (C 9 -C 31 ) "n-paraffins (C i3 -C 32 ) η-fatty acids (C10 -C 32 ) (b) Carboxylates: Normal, branched-chain, and aromatic carboxylic acids and their derivatives were found in the bitumen extracts of various shales, such as η-saturated acids of C 6 -C 26 , unsaturated acids of Cio -C 2 o the Chattanooga, Nolichucky, and Pumpkin Valley Shales of Tennessee [7,19], and of Oklahoma [24,29,30], in the Heath Shale of the Big Snowy Uplift of Montana [24], and in Excello Shale of Oklahoma [21].…”

Section: Paleozoic Shalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Organic Geochemistry of Shales and Possible Interactions Between the Organic Matter of Shales and Radionuclides

1990

Radiochimica Acta

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Shale formations have been suggested as potential host rocks for high level nuclear waste repositories. Several studies have demonstrated the interactions of nuclides with organic compounds found in shales. In order to understand the possibility of interaction between organic components of shales and trace elements, literature on the identification of organic compounds from various shales of the continental United States and evidences of interactions have been reviewed first. The Green River Formation of the Cenozoic era is the most studied shale followed by the Pierre Shale of the Mesozoic era and the Devonian Black Shale of the Paleozoic era. Organic compounds that have been identified from these shales are mainly hydrocarbons and carboxylates along with small amounts of other compounds. These organic compounds, however, constitute only a small fraction of the organic matter in shales; the majority of the organic compounds in shales are still unidentified. Interaction between organics and trace elements are found mostly due to the formation of complexes between carboxylates of shales and the elements.

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“…The composition and distribution of fatty acids in particular are important as the components are important biomarkers for source rocks, the genesis of crude oils and the maturity of organic matter (Noriyuki.and Kazuo, 1984;del Rio and Philp, 1992;Budge et al, 2001;Shi et al, 2001;Lu Hong et al, 2004). The study of organic acids can shed light on oil and gas formation, which has a great influence on oil exploration (Cooper, 1962;Cooper and Bray, 1963;Jurg and Eisma, 1964;Shimoyama and Jones, 1972;Haddad, 1992;Barth and Throndsen, 1993). In view of the disadvantageous effect of copper reacting with organic acids, a study on the interaction is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interaction of copper with fatty acids in Soxhlet extraction and its influence

et al. 2008

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Treatment with metallic copper for the removal of elemental sulfur from bitumen extracted from sedimentary rocks or petroleum is the most widely used method. Little attention has been paid, however, to its disadvantages. It was observed that copper can interact with some polar organic substances during conventional sulfur removal, which can strongly influence the quantitative and qualitative determination of bitumen, as has been confirmed by interaction of long-chain fatty acids with copper. The copper soap generated was analyzed by element analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), thermal analysis (TG-DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Mechanism of the interaction was investigated and elucidated. Our experimental results would necessitate improvement of the present method for sulfur removal and/or a search for a new one.

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Fatty Acids in Recent and Ancient Sediments and Petroleum Reservoir Waters

Cited by 81 publications

References 6 publications

Behavior of lipid compounds on laboratory heating of a Recent sediment.

Behavior of lipid compounds on laboratory heating of a Recent sediment.

A Review of the Organic Geochemistry of Shales and Possible Interactions Between the Organic Matter of Shales and Radionuclides

Interaction of copper with fatty acids in Soxhlet extraction and its influence

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