Fatty infiltration of the liver in pregnant ewes

Snook, L. C.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1939.sp003803

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This author, who studied liver biopsies in toxemic ewes, mentioned the following about one of the studied animals "…..it can be seen that in many of the cells the protoplasm appears to have been almost entirely replaced by fat, the nucleus being pushed up against the cell wall" (Snook, 1939). This description and the corresponding illustration given by Snook (1939) fit into the macrovesicular type of steatosis and were obtained from a slaughtered ewe that was comatose due to pregnancy toxemia. In agreement with Snook (1939), degenerative changes or necrosis of the liver parenchyma were not observed, but hepatic degeneration during late pregnancy in toxemic ewes was of microvesicular type.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports about ovine pregnancy toxemia are based on post mortem examination and do not give details about the histological aspect of the liver (Mitchell and Stratford, 1987;Marteniuk and Herdt, 1988;Jeffrey and Higgins, 1992;Andrews, 1997), except for Snook (1939). This author, who studied liver biopsies in toxemic ewes, mentioned the following about one of the studied animals "…..it can be seen that in many of the cells the protoplasm appears to have been almost entirely replaced by fat, the nucleus being pushed up against the cell wall" (Snook, 1939). This description and the corresponding illustration given by Snook (1939) fit into the macrovesicular type of steatosis and were obtained from a slaughtered ewe that was comatose due to pregnancy toxemia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This description and the corresponding illustration given by Snook (1939) fit into the macrovesicular type of steatosis and were obtained from a slaughtered ewe that was comatose due to pregnancy toxemia. In agreement with Snook (1939), degenerative changes or necrosis of the liver parenchyma were not observed, but hepatic degeneration during late pregnancy in toxemic ewes was of microvesicular type. Acute starvation can cause microvesicular degeneration due to fatty acid accumulation, and the sudden onset of mitochondrial dysfunction do not allow sufficient time for a progressive coalescence of tiny lipid droplets into the large fat inclusions seen in macrovesicular steatosis (Jaeschke et al, 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cerebral and cerebellar neuronal necrosis and vacuolation, early structural maturity of placenta, and liver steatosis were found by different authors (Snook, 1939;Mitchell and Stratford, 1987;Marteniuk and Herdt, 1988;Jeffrey and Higgins, 1992;Andrews, 1997). It was suggested that fatty liver due to lipolysis interferes with hepatic gluconeogenic capacity, thus ketosis and fatty liver disease would play a central role in pregnancy toxemia (Herdt, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological changes of the liver and metabolic correlates in ewes with pregnancy toxemia

Cal

Borteiro

Benech

et al. 2009

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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The histological changes of the liver in ewes with pregnancy toxemia were characterized. Ten ewes were fed on grass ad libitum, and another ten were starved from day 130 of pregnancy for up to four days. Liver puncture biopsies were performed at days 70, 100, 130, and 140 of pregnancy, and at day 45 in postpartum. Seric hydroxybutyrate (HB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were dosed. Histological preparations revealed similar incidence and intensity of mild liver steatosis in both groups at day 130. Starved ewes become toxemic (as indicated by HB), and at day 140 exhibited more severe injury in a higher proportion (9/9 vs. 4/10; P<0.01). Almost all of them (7/9) had large amounts of small lipid droplets in almost every hepatocyte over the whole liver acinus, and higher NEFA values. At day 45 in postpartum, both groups had mild steatotic changes as initially. A positive correlation between severity of liver damage seric and only aspartate aminotransferase was observed at day 140 in starved animals (P<0.05). This enzyme could be used to assess liver damage, but not alkaline phosphatase. All samples with degeneration corresponded to the microvesicular type. A short starvation period during late pregnancy in ewes produced reversible liver degeneration. (9/9 vs. 4/10; P<0,01)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Histological changes of the liver and metabolic correlates in ewes with pregnancy toxemia

Cal

Borteiro

Benech

et al. 2009

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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“…The pooled samples of dissected adipose tissue, the muscles of the hind -leg, the liver, and the remainder of the lamb were each minced, mixed thoroughly and sampled; 12 g of mince, or the whole tissue if it was less than 12 g, was ground with anhydrous sodium sulphate, and the fat (neutral lipid) extracted for 3 h with chloroform, dried overnight at 100°C and weighed (Snook 1939).…”

Section: Determination Of Lipid Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Development of Adipose Tissue in Foetal Sheep

Alexander¹

1978

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

100

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The development of lipid stores in foetal sheep was examined using quantitative dissection and chloroform extraction.The accumulation of extractable lipid commenced prior to the 50th day of foetal age; growth of dissectible perirenal-abdominal adipose tissue and other non-subcutaneous depots (all brown fat) commenced at about day 70, while growth of the subcutaneous adipose tissue (white fat) commenced 2-3 weeks later.The subcutaneous fat regressed markedly from about day 115 and had virtually disappeared by full term. There were also consistent trends (not all statistically significant) in various indices of lipid status indicating that the rate of lipid accumulation was declining near term; these indices include percentage of lipid in adipose tissue, in the body as a whole and in skeletal muscle, and the rate of growth of the perirenal-abdominal adipose depot.The involution of subcutaneous adipose tissue appeared to be hastened by maternal nutritional restriction, but was not prevented by feeding the ewes ad libitum on a high-energy diet. There were also consistently lower values of the indices of lipid status in foetuses from nutritionally restricted ewes than in foetuses from ewes fed ad libitum.The early regression of the white subcutaneous adipose tissue suggests that the normal foetal lamb may be in a state of undernutrition during the last 5 or so weeks of pregnancy.Hypophysectomized foetuses, full term or post-term, were comparatively obese, with a thick layer of subcutaneous fat, a high proportion of other adipose tissue depots in the body, and a high content of chloroform-extractable lipid.

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Experimental Ketosis in Pregnant Ewes

Phillipson¹

1950

Novartis Foundation Symposia

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Fatty infiltration of the liver in pregnant ewes

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Histological changes of the liver and metabolic correlates in ewes with pregnancy toxemia

Histological changes of the liver and metabolic correlates in ewes with pregnancy toxemia

Quantitative Development of Adipose Tissue in Foetal Sheep

Experimental Ketosis in Pregnant Ewes

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