Fatwa As a Mechanism for Social Cohesion in A Pluralistic Society in Malaysia

Abstract

Fatwa is an Islamic legal decision issued by a mufti or a fatwa council that holds authority in the Islamic religion. Fatwa serves as a guide for Muslims in practicing Islamic law and addressing issues that arise in their daily lives. Fatwas can cover various aspects, including matters of halal and haram (permissible and prohibited), worship, marriage, transactions, and social issues. Muftis or fatwa councils will study and discuss specific issues and then provide their views on them. While fatwas are discussed from a religious perspective, they also take into account local customs and cultural aspects. Local customs and culture hold significant sensitivity that needs to be preserved to maintain harmony and cohesion in societies with diverse ethnic and religious backgrounds, particularly in Malaysia. Therefore, this paper discusses the role of fatwa as a mechanism for social cohesion and harmony in a pluralistic society, specifically in Malaysia. This study adopts a documentary research approach and utilizes content analysis as the analytical method. The study finds that Malaysia exhibits a diversity of cultures and religions, and fatwa plays a crucial role in ensuring that Islamic practices are in line with local customs and fostering unity among different communities. This paper found that Fatwa plays a crucial role in maintaining unity in Malaysia's pluralistic society. Malaysia is a country characterized by ethnic and religious diversity, and fatwa serves as a guide for Muslims in practicing Islamic law while considering the context of this diverse society. Fatwa plays a role in overcoming divisions and differences of opinion within the Muslim community itself. Fatwas issued by officially recognized fatwa bodies help to generate agreement and consensus among Muslims in practicing their religion. From other aspect, fatwa is the mechanism for unity in Malaysia's pluralistic society functions to ensure that the lives of Muslims align with the religious and cultural values of the local context, while fostering harmony and cooperation among diverse communities in the country.