Fault Current Limiters in Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Alam, Sheikh Shamimul; Abido, M. A.; El-Amin, Ibrahim

doi:10.3390/en11051025

Cited by 128 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(223 reference statements)

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“…Over the years, several types of FCLs have been proposed for the augmentation of FRT capability of power systems in numerous studies [15,16]. Each FCL has its advantages and disadvantages, and they demand specific environment to perform efficiently [17]. Vastly, the FCLs in DFIG based wind farms are divided into three categories that is, Superconducting Fault Current Limiters (SFCLs), Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiters (NSFCLs) and Magnetic Fault Current Limiters (MFCLs) as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of flux coupling type SFCLs can minimize the power loss of the traditional FCLs significantly. But, as stated earlier, they have high cost and they induce certain problems in the system [17]. To overcome these limitations, in this paper, a Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (BFC-NSFCL) is proposed to augment the FRT capability of DFIG based wind farms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement of DFIG Based Wind Farm Using Nonlinear Controller Based Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

et al. 2020

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High penetration of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) into existing power grid can attribute complex issues as they are very sensitive to the grid faults. In addition, Fault Ride Through (FRT) is one of the main requirements of the grid code for integrating Wind Farms (WFs) into the power grid. In this work, to enhance the FRT capability of the DFIG based WFs, a Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (BFC-NSFCL) is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed BFC-NSFCL is evaluated through performance comparison with that of the Bridge-Type Fault Current Limiter (BFCL) and Series Dynamic Braking Resistor (SDBR). Moreover, a dynamic nonlinear controller is also proposed for controlling the operation of the BFC-NSFCL. Extensive simulations are carried out in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment for both symmetrical and unsymmetrical temporary as well as permanent faults. Based on the simulation results and different numerical analysis, it is found that the proposed nonlinear controller based BFC-NSFCL is very effective in enhancing the FRT capability of the WF. Also, the BFC-NSFCL outperforms the conventional BFCL and SDBR by maintaining a near-seamless performance during various grid fault situations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement of DFIG Based Wind Farm Using Nonlinear Controller Based Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

et al. 2020

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“…However, the SDBR is sensitive to switching delay and has inadequate performance in restricting fault current and augmenting dynamic performance [38]. Furthermore, most of the FCLs have been examined and installed in AC power systems; however, their feasibility and placements have not been fully investigated in VSC-HVDC systems [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Ride through Capability Augmentation of a DFIG-Based Wind Integrated VSC-HVDC System with Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

et al. 2019

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This paper proposes a non-superconducting bridge-type fault current limiter (BFCL) as a potential solution to the fault problems of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) integrated voltage source converter high-voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) transmission systems. As the VSC-HVDC and DFIG systems are vulnerable to AC/DC faults, a BFCL controller is developed to insert sizeable impedance during the inception of system disturbances. In the proposed control scheme, constant capacitor voltage is maintained by the stator VSC (SVSC) controller, while current extraction or injection is achieved by rotor VSC (RVSC) controller. Current control mode-based active and reactive power controllers for an HVDC system are developed. Balanced and different unbalanced faults are applied in the system to show the effectiveness of the proposed BFCL solution. A DFIG wind-based VSC-HVDC system, BFCL, and their controllers are implemented in a real time digital simulator (RTDS). The performance of the proposed BFCL control strategy in DFIG-based VSC-HVDC system is compared with a series dynamic braking resistor (SDBR). Comparative RTDS implementation results show that the proposed BFCL control strategy is very efficient in improving system fault ride through (FRT) capability and outperforms SDBR in all cases considered.

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“…A prospective solution to the fault problems of VSC-HVDC systems is to employ fault current limiters [15]. During the response time of a circuit breaker, a fault current limiter can suppress the large fault current in VSC-HVDC systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Linear Control for Variable Resistive Bridge Type Fault Current Limiter in AC-DC Systems

2019

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This paper proposes a non-linear control-based variable resistive bridge type fault current limiter (VR-BFCL) as a prospective solution to ease the effect of disturbances on voltage source converter-based high voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) systems. A non-linear controller for VR-BFCL has been developed to insert a variable optimum resistance during the inception of system disturbances in order to limit the fault current. The non-linear controller takes the amount of DC link voltage deviation as its input and provides variable duty to generate a variable effective resistance during faults. The VSC-HVDC system’s real and reactive power controllers have been developed based on a current control loop where direct axis and quadrature axis currents are used to control the active and reactive power, respectively. The efficacy of the proposed non-linear control-based VR-BFCL solution has been proved with balanced as well as unbalanced faults. The results confirm that the oscillations in active power and DC link voltage have been significantly reduced by limiting the fault current through the insertion of an optimum effective resistance with the proposed control technique. The real time digital simulator (RTDS) has been used to implement the proposed approach. The performance of the proposed non-linear control based VR-BFCL is compared with that of traditional fixed duty control.

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Fault Current Limiters in Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 128 publications

References 145 publications

Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement of DFIG Based Wind Farm Using Nonlinear Controller Based Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement of DFIG Based Wind Farm Using Nonlinear Controller Based Bridge-Type Flux Coupling Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

Fault Ride through Capability Augmentation of a DFIG-Based Wind Integrated VSC-HVDC System with Non-Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

Non-Linear Control for Variable Resistive Bridge Type Fault Current Limiter in AC-DC Systems

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