In this paper, a method of fault estimation based on unknown input observer is presented for a class of neutral timedelay sy stem. First, a n unknown i nput o bserver i s d escribed to achieve f ault estimation for neutral t ime-delay s ystem w ith a constant de lay. An observability condition is generated to guarantee observer use. Then, the observer is used to generate an algebraic method of actuator fault estimation. Finally, simulation results are presented to prove theorical development.Index Terms-Neutral time-delay sy stems, unknown i nput observer, observabiliy, fault estimation.