Fault Location in Distribution Network by Solving the Optimization Problem Based on Power System Status Estimation Using the PMU

Abstract

Fault location is one of the main challenges in the distribution network due to its expanse and complexity. Today, with the advent of phasor measurement units (PMU), various techniques for fault location using these devices have been proposed. In this research, distribution network fault location is defined as an optimization problem, and the network fault location is determined by solving it. This is done by combining PMU data before and after the fault with the power system status estimation (PSSE) problem. Two new objective functions are designed to identify the faulty section and fault location based on calculating the voltage difference between the two ends of the grid lines. In the proposed algorithm, the purpose of combining the PMU in the PSSE problem is to estimate the voltage and current quantities at the branch point and the total network nodes after the fault occurs. Branch point quantities are calculated using the PMU and the governing equations of the π line model for each network section, and the faulty section is identified based on a comparison of the resulting values. The advantages of the proposed algorithm include simplicity, step-by-step implementation, efficiency in conditions of different branch specifications, application for various types of faults including short-circuit and series, and its optimal accuracy compared to other methods. Finally, the proposed algorithm has been implemented on the IEEE 123-node distribution feeder and its performance has been evaluated for changes in various factors including fault resistance, type of fault, angle of occurrence of a fault, uncertainty in loading states, and PMU measurement error. The results show the appropriate accuracy of the proposed algorithm showing that it was able to determine the location of the fault with a maximum error of 1.21% at a maximum time of 23.87 s.

Research on Data-Driven Fault Scenario Simulation Model of Distributed Network

“…In terms of performance measurements, this section compares WSWWO-Deep Q Network to other methodologies, such as Improved Escalation approach [1], Impedance-based algorithm [2], and SIG-CNN [7].…”

“…Masoud Dashtdar et al [2] have devised an optimization-based fault-location structure for distribution networks. The two objective functions were created by applying voltage variations to locate the defect and identify its faulty area.…”

An Optimization-Based Robust Dynamic State Estimation for Power Systems with Synchronized Phasor Measurement Units, Involving Disturbance Rejection

“…An overview of the IEEE standard 57-bus network can be seen in [56]. It is assumed that buses 1,4,6,9,15,20,24,28,30,32,36,38,41,46,50,53, and 57 are equipped with PMUs [56] and measurements of other busbars from those obtained through the indirect measurement process. Table 5 presents the various assumptions for this network in the relevant studies.…”

“…It is worth mentioning that a wide range of research (e.g., see [42]) has also focused on enhancing the state estimation process regarding cyber security issues. Moreover, some references such as [43][44][45][46] focus on important related topics such as fault location in the distribution network.…”

Optimal configuration of acquisition terminals in regional distribution grids considering dynamic observability

“…(Manousakis and Korres, 2020). How to reasonably configure the acquisition terminal in the distribution grid has become a research hotspot (Almunif and Fan, 2020;Masoud et al, 2023). proposed a power management unit (PMU) configuration optimization method based on integer programming (Rupanjali and Abhinanda, 2023).…”