Fault Location in Overhead Transmission Lines Based on Magnetic Signatures and on the Extended Kalman Filter

Abstract

This paper proposes a non-contact method for fault location in transmission lines, which is based on magnetic fields produced by current signals measured using magnetoresistive sensors installed only at transmission line terminals, under the phase conductors of the first transmission tower at both terminals or at the substations portals. The proposed method uses the Extended Kalman filter to process these measurements and is based on a travelling wave approach in order to perform the fault localization. This paper also describes the implementation and testing of the method, firstly introducing its overview, followed by an analysis of the magnetic fields produced by the current signals, as well as considerations on their measurement; secondly, detailing the Extended Kalman filter and the travelling wave approach; and, finally, presenting the results of the method with regards to simulations built using EMTP/ATP to evaluate its robustness under different conditions varying the fault resistance, fault inception angle, phases involved and fault location. The results indicate that the proposed method is robust and accurate.

Single phase to ground fault location method of overhead line based on magnetic field detection and multi-criteria fusion

“…By introducing geometric transformation, the steady-state symmetrical component of rotating MF is obtained, and various types of faults can be located through this result [18]. Some scholars have also proposed fault location methods combining MF and traveling wave [19][20]. These methods have strong robustness, but their accuracy is highly restricted by the sampling rate of the sensor, which puts forward high requirements for the technical conditions and cost of the equipment.…”

“…According to the data in Table IV, under each criterion, the similarity of the MF at both ends of the BC section is much lower than that of the other sections. From the data in Table IV and (18) (19), calculate the basic probability of each section under each criterion, which are listed in Table V. For the method of applying D-S evidence theory to realize fault location, the greater the basic probability and the fusion probability value, the greater the possibility of segment fault.…”

Transmission line fault analysis using actuating relays and Atmega 328P controller

“…Triple line fault determines the circuit breaker's rating [23], [24]. The cause of triple line fault current is that significantly higher than other fault currents [25]. Thus, examination of transmission line faults may be done easily utilizing MATLAB simulation on a computer.…”

Fault Location Scheme for Abnormal Grounding Point in Isolated Ground Wire of Large-Scale Clean Energy Transmission

“…In addition, the ground wire, which connects the earth with the tower, needs to be isolated from the tower for the propagation of the DC current. Thus, any grounding points in the tower can block the de-icing for the whole line (Hao et al, 2015;Jiazheng et al, 2016;Zhu et al, 2019a;Zhu et al, 2019b;Guo et al, 2019;Haleem and Rajapakse, 2019;De Oliveira Neto et al, 2021). To maintain the lightning protection of ground wires, grounding switches are distributed along transmission lines.…”