Fault propagation in a seismic gap area (northern Calabria, Italy): Implications for seismic hazard

Spina, Vincenzo; Tondi, Emanuele; Galli, Paolo; Mazzoli, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.001

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…By considering geological and geomorphological data provided in northern Calabria (Robustelli et al 2005;Barone et al 2008;Robustelli et al 2009;Spina et al 2009;Pepe et al 2010;Muto et al 2015), the present upland developed mainly during the Lower Pliocene and partly correlates to the low-relief landscape characterizing the Sila Massif (Olivetti et al 2012). In particular, these gently rolling landscape relics (1000 to 1200 m elevated and Late Miocene to Pliocene in age) do not show clear evidence of being originally connected with the Tyrrhenian coast (Fig.…”

Section: Stage 1 (Pliocene)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, 2), is morphologically asymmetric with a steeper and shorter fluvial drainage along its eastern side. Its shape is strongly controlled by an array of normal faults ("Crati Fault System" in Spina et al 2009). The sedimentary infill derives from footwall uplifted areas exposed to extensive erosion (Molin et al 2004;Olivetti et al 2012), and overlies the Palaeozoic crystalline-metamorphic bedrock of the Calabrian Block and its Miocene sedimentary cover (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists of continental to marine stacking depositional systems deposited in response to tectonic-induced basin subsidence; it started in the west and proceeded eastwards, causing a diachronous transgression (Lanzafame & Zuffa 1976;Lanzafame & Tortorici 1981;Tortorici 1981;Spina et al 2009;Fabbricatore et al 2014). According to data provided by Lanzafame & Tortorici (1981) and by Young & Colella (1988), this unit can be considered younger than 1.2 M.y.…”

Section: Early-middle? Pleistocene Sedimentary Unit (Pls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the Crati Basin ( Fig. 1) developed in the subsiding hangingwall of the Crati fault system (sensu Spina et al 2011), one of the active and segmented normal fault systems of Calabria (Tortorici et al 1995;Galli & Bosi 2003;Tansi et al 2005;Spina et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy

Robustelli¹,

Muto²

2017

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:In this paper, we present the results of an integrated geomorphological and stratigraphical study carried out in the eastern side of the Crati River valley (northern Calabria, South Italy). This area is characterized by the occurrence of three order palaeosurfaces that, along with low-sloping palaeovalleys and structural landforms, are striking features of the landscape. The relationships between morpho-tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Crati Basin has been assessed through sandstone detrital modes, morphostratigraphy and geomorphological correlation with adjacent areas. The two main unconformity surfaces that typify the Quaternary fill were correlated to different steps of landscape evolution. The presence of both erosional and depositional palaeosurfaces has been a useful marker for reconstructing sedimentary and morphogenetic events, and hence to detect drainage network evolution and changes in source sediment area. In particular, we recognized that the study area experienced, during the late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene a period of subaerial landscape modelling as suggested by low-sloping palaeovalleys and related fluvial deposits (1 st Order Palaeosurface). At that time, the source of the detrital constituents of the PPS Unit sandstones was mainly from the Sila Massif. The onset of Coastal Range identification and uplift (Early Pleistocene) marks a change in the geomorphic scenario with tectonic driven stream incision and valley development along the eastern side of Coastal Range, along with the occurrence of depositional and erosional landsurfaces (2 nd Order Palaeosurface) at footslopes. During this period, the Coastal Range and Sila Massif were the sources for the detrital constituents of the PlS Unit sandstones. The progressive uplift of Coastal Range during late Early Pleistocene and the marked backstepping of the depositional systems along the Sila footslope was accompanied by alternating phases of down-cutting and base-level stability resulting in the development of a step-like distributed 3 rd Order Palaeosurface. The presence of dolostone in detrital modes is clear evidence of stream piracy phenomena of ancient palaeovalleys by the Crati valley-facing drainage network.

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Section: Stage 1 (Pliocene)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Early-middle? Pleistocene Sedimentary Unit (Pls)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy

Robustelli¹,

Muto²

2017

Geologica Carpathica

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“…In particular, the area is characterized by large trascurrent and normal fault systems exposing the Mesozoic and Quaternary terrains. The fracture and joint systems in Monte San Marco are linked to the main northeast-and northwest-oriented fault systems (Schiattarella, 1998;Spina et al, 2009). Along the major fault, a large, deep cave system developed, probably during the Pleistocene uplift of the area (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mineralogical Study of the Grotta Inferiore di Sant'Angelo (Southern Italy)

Catalano¹,

Bloise²,

Miriello³

et al. 2014

JCKS

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In the present work, thirteen samples collected from the Grotta Inferiore di Sant'Angelo near the town of Cassano allo Jonio (Calabria region, southern Italy) were analyzed for their mineralogy. The Grotta Inferiore di Sant'Angelo is made up of subhorizontal, interlinked galleries between 400 and 450 meters above sea level. The floor is littered with deposits such as bat-guano, gypsum, and many speleothems that also cover the walls. The samples were identified and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometer, microthermometry, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The ten primary minerals identified in this study belong to six different groups: carbonate, sulfate, apatite, oxide and hydroxide, halide, and silicate. Clay minerals and eight other detrital minerals were also found: enstatite, rutile, magnesite, pyrite, chrysotile, quartz, dolomite, and chlorite. Characterization of cave minerals could be useful to improve the knowledge of the relation between them and the lithology of the host rocks.

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Soil gas distribution in the main coseismic surface rupture zone of the 1980,M_s = 6.9, Irpinia earthquake (southern Italy)

et al. 2014

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Soil gas measurements of different gas species with different geochemical behaviors were performed in the area of the Pecore Plain, a 200 m × 300 m sized, fault-bounded extensional basin located in the northern Mount Marzano massif, in the axial belt of the southern Apennine chain. The Pecore Plain area was affected by coseismic surface faulting during the M s = 6.9, 1980 Irpinia earthquake, the strongest and most destructive seismic event of the last 30 years in southern Italy. The collected data and their geostatistical analysis provide new insights into the control exerted by active fault segments on deep-seated gas migration toward the surface. The results define anomalies that are aligned with the NW-SE trending coseismic rupture of the 1980 earthquake along the western border of the plain, as well as along the southern border of the plain where a hidden, E-W striking fault is inferred. Geospatial analysis highlights an anisotropic spatial behavior of 222 Rn along the main NW-SE trend and of CO 2 along the E-W trend. This feature suggests a correlation between the shape and orientation of the anomalies and the barrier/conduit behavior of fault zones in the area. Furthermore, our results show that gas migration through brittle deformation zones occurs by advective processes, as suggested by the relatively high migration rate needed to obtain anomalies of short-lived 222 Rn in the soil pores. IntroductionThe Pecore Plain is a small, fault-bounded basin located in the northern Mount Marzano massif, in the axial belt of the southern Apennine chain, Italy (Figure 1). The area was affected by coseismic surface faulting related to the M s = 6.9, 23 November 1980 Irpinia earthquake, the strongest and most destructive (I 0 = X Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg scale (MCS)) seismic event of the last 30 years in the southern Apennines [e.g., Pantosti and Valensise, 1990;Porfido et al., 2002;Serva et al., 2007;Locati et al., 2011;Rovida et al., 2011]. The earthquake struck the epicentral Mount Marzano area and the neighboring Irpinia region, which was affected by a large number of secondary geological effects (e.g., landslides, ground cracks, liquefaction, and variations in the discharge rate of major carbonate springs) [Porfido et al., 2002] and by more than 3000 coseismic ruptures within the region recording the largest intensity (I ≥ IX MCS) [Carmignani et al., 1981].The main coseismic fault trace of the 1980 earthquake consists of approximately 7 km long, up to 1 m high, NE facing fault scarp with an average NW-SE trend that crosses the Pecore Plain basin. This fault, which was associated with rupturing caused by the main earthquake, lowered the basin floor relative to its outlet. At present, surface drainage has not been recovered and the fault scarp still acts as a dam and occasionally causes ponding during the wet season [Pantosti and Valensise, 1990;Ascione et al., 2003, and references therein].As soil gas surveys conducted in the years after the 1980 earthquake highlighted large helium anomalies along the faul...

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Fault propagation in a seismic gap area (northern Calabria, Italy): Implications for seismic hazard

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy

The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy

The Mineralogical Study of the Grotta Inferiore di Sant'Angelo (Southern Italy)

Soil gas distribution in the main coseismic surface rupture zone of the 1980,M_s = 6.9, Irpinia earthquake (southern Italy)

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Fault propagation in a seismic gap area (northern Calabria, Italy): Implications for seismic hazard

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy

The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy

The Mineralogical Study of the Grotta Inferiore di Sant'Angelo (Southern Italy)

Soil gas distribution in the main coseismic surface rupture zone of the 1980,Ms = 6.9, Irpinia earthquake (southern Italy)

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Soil gas distribution in the main coseismic surface rupture zone of the 1980,M_s = 6.9, Irpinia earthquake (southern Italy)