Faulting and Magmatic Accretion Across the Overlapping Spreading Center Between Vance Segment and Axial South Rift, Juan de Fuca Ridge

Saout, Morgane Le; Clague, David A.; Paduan, J. B.

doi:10.1029/2021gc010082

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Interestingly, prior studies mapping the overlap region between the SRZ and Vance segment have identified large lava flows covering the area (Appelgate, 1990; Le Saout et al., 2021; Figure 5). These lava flows are interpreted to be associated with the major volcanic eruption event that caused the initial collapse of the Axial caldera, which is estimated to have occurred 1.3–1.45 ka ago (Appelgate, 1990; D. A. Clague et al., 2019; Le Saout et al., 2021). Our finding of a localized magma body directly beneath this large lava flow raises the likelihood that these flows were sourced or partially sourced from this unusually thick and deep magma body located in this overlap region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Lava flows from the major volcanic eruption event dating back to 1.3–1.45 Ka from Le Saout et al. (2021) is outlined in pink.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this deep magma body is not comparable in size with the MMR beneath Axial, it is a much larger body than any detected beneath the NRZ and SRZ. Interestingly, prior studies mapping the overlap region between the SRZ and Vance segment have identified large lava flows covering the area (Appelgate, 1990;Le Saout et al, 2021; Figure 5). These lava flows are interpreted to be associated with the major volcanic eruption event that caused the initial collapse of the Axial caldera, which is estimated to have occurred 1.3-1.45 ka ago (Appelgate, 1990;D.…”

Section: Magma Bodies Beneath the Rift Zone Overlap Regions With Adjo...mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In 2011, a distal lava flow erupted in the lower SRZ about 18.5 km south of the southern end of the lava flows in the upper SRZ(Caress et al, 2012). Lava flows from the major volcanic eruption event dating back to 1.3-1.45 Ka from LeSaout et al (2021) is outlined in pink.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Detection of Magma Beneath the Northern and Southern Rift Zones of Axial Seamount at the Juan de Fuca Ridge

Lee

Carbotte

Arnulf

2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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At volcanic systems, understanding the spatial relationships between magma reservoirs and the dike intrusions and eruptions that are fed by these reservoirs is important for addressing a range of questions pertaining to eruption dynamics and igneous processes such as what triggers eruptions, what controls dike intrusions, and the chemical signature of erupted lavas (e.g., Delaney et al., 1981;Rhodes et al., 1990;Wright et al., 2012). Axial Seamount, which is a well-monitored seamount in the northeast Pacific, provides the unique opportunity to apply marine multichannel seismic (MCS) imaging techniques for identifying magmatic structures in detail within the context of three well-documented intrusion and eruption events.Formed at the intersection of the Juan de Fuca (JdF) Ridge and the Cobb-Eickelberg hotspot (Delaney et al., 1981), Axial Seamount is an active volcano that rises ∼1.1 km from the surrounding seafloor to a depth of ∼1.4 km below sea level. The Axial Seamount volcanic system includes the central volcano marked by an 8.6-km long and 3.3-km wide horseshoe-shaped caldera and two rift zones: the northern and southern rift zones (NRZ and SRZ)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Lava flows from the major volcanic eruption event dating back to 1.3–1.45 Ka from Le Saout et al. (2021) is outlined in pink.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magma Bodies Beneath the Rift Zone Overlap Regions With Adjo...mentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Magma Beneath the Northern and Southern Rift Zones of Axial Seamount at the Juan de Fuca Ridge

Lee

Carbotte

Arnulf

2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“… (a–e) Fissure length distribution at EPR 9–10°N (707 fissures), Axial Seamount (828 fissures), EPR 16°N (122 fissures) in comparison to Hawaiʻi (571 fissures) and Iceland (581 fissures) (Chadwick et al., 2014; Clague et al., 2018, 2021; Hjartardóttir, Einarsson, & Björgvinsdóttir, 2016; Hjartardóttir, Einarsson, Magnúsdóttir, et al., 2016; Le Saout et al., 2018, 2021; Sherrod et al., 2007). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of On‐ and Off‐Axis Faults and Fissures During Eruption Cycles and Crustal Accretion at 9°50′N, East Pacific Rise

Parnell‐Turner

Fornari

et al. 2023

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Magmatism at an ultra-slow spreading rift: high-resolution geomorphological studies of a Red Sea Rift segment in Hadarba Deep

Le Saout,

van der Zwan,

Schiebener

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The mid-ocean rift in the Red Sea is one of the youngest rifting systems on Earth. Only recently, state-of-the-art methods and modern deep-sea instruments have been used to explore this young and unique volcanic system. During the first autonomous underwater vehicle surveys of the Red Sea Rift in Spring 2022, we collected multibeam bathymetry, backscatter, sub-bottom profiler data, and water column data over a 9 km long ridge segment in the Hadarba Deep between 22.49°N and 22.56°N to investigate the volcano-tectonic processes of this ultra-slow spreading segment (12 mm/year spreading rate). The high-resolution hydroacoustic data was used to (1) delineate and quantify the geometry of tectonic structures and individual lava flows, (2) define lava flow morphology and eruption style, (3) estimate relative ages of flows and features, and (4) retrace the evolution of the volcanic activity. In addition, the geochemistry of several young lava flows provides information on the relation between the different magma that supply these eruptions. About 90 eruptive units with variable sedimentary cover have been identified within the 43 km2mapped region. The oldest lava flows are buried under 3 to 4.2 m of sediment, indicating ages of up to ~30 ka based on average sedimentation rate estimates (~14 cm/ka), while the youngest eruptions are covered by<10 cm of sediment, and are thus younger than 700 years. Three volcanic phases have been identified based on changes in flow morphology and distribution, and tectonic pattern. All three axial phases have an average eruptive frequency of ~100-250 years. The segment displays an overall low tectonic extension (<10% of the total extension) and low vertical offset. Our geomorphological maps, analyses, and statistics reveal a moderately faulted, ultra-slow spreading MOR segment in the Red Sea with a surprisingly large amount of magmatic extension, implying that the segment has been underlined by a large magma supply for at least 15 ka. All these observations provide valuable implications for the formation history of the Red Sea Rift and the formation of ultra-slow spreading crust.

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Faulting and Magmatic Accretion Across the Overlapping Spreading Center Between Vance Segment and Axial South Rift, Juan de Fuca Ridge

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Detection of Magma Beneath the Northern and Southern Rift Zones of Axial Seamount at the Juan de Fuca Ridge

Detection of Magma Beneath the Northern and Southern Rift Zones of Axial Seamount at the Juan de Fuca Ridge

The Role of On‐ and Off‐Axis Faults and Fissures During Eruption Cycles and Crustal Accretion at 9°50′N, East Pacific Rise

Magmatism at an ultra-slow spreading rift: high-resolution geomorphological studies of a Red Sea Rift segment in Hadarba Deep

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