Fauna associated with the horny spongeAnomoianthella lamellaPulitzer‐Finali & Pronzato, 1999 (Ianthellidae, Demospongiae) from Papua‐New Guinea

Abstract

The relationships between the tropical sponge Anomoianthella lamella Pulitzer-Finali & Pronzato, 1999 (from Papua-New Guinea) and its endobionts, the barnacle Acasta sp. and the polychaete Haplosyllis spongicola (Grube, 1855), were analysed using optical and scanning electron microscope techniques. The specimens of Acasta sp. live in the mesohyl, close to the inhalant surface of the sponge, where they reach a mean density of 12.7 -10 cm -2 . Their apical region is delimited by a thin layer of sponge collagen, whereas sponge cells (archeocytes and lophocytes) gather along the rest of the body of the endobiont. While the barnacles adhere to the spongin skeleton network, the polychaetes H. spongicola are esclusive to the exhalant canals of the sponge aquiferous system, where they reach a mean density of 57 individuals-cm" 2 . No evidence of sponge reaction to H. spongicola was observed. Potential benefits for the barnacle are protection, against predation and mechanical disturbance, and trophic advantages. Conversely, the barnacle may contribute to strengthen the sponge skeletal network. The association with polychaetes can be regarded as a simple commensalism-parasitism relationship.

Biodiversity of Spongosorites coralliophaga (Stephens, 1915) on coral rubble at two contrasting cold-water coral reef settings

“…The role of S. coralliophaga as a biological structure Previous studies on sponge associates have revealed species-rich communities inhabiting sponge canals (e.g., Westinga and Hoetjes 1981;Duarte and Nalesso 1996) and sponges acting as a nursery ground (Schejter et al 2012;Padua et al 2013) providing shelter against strong currents (Peattie and Hoare 1981) and/or predators (Magnino et al 1999a). In contrast to previous studies on sponge infauna, we recorded only a small number of species living inside S. coralliophaga at both MRC and LM.…”

Review of the Symbiotic GenusHaplosyllides(Polychaeta: Syllidae), with a Description of a New Species

“…1879 and Alcyonosyllis Glasby & Watson, 2001. In Haplosyllis, recent studies have demonstrated that the widespread sponge symbiont H. spongicola (Grube, 1875) corresponds, in fact, to a species complex whose components are often restricted in biogeographical distribution and show marked host specificity (Martin et al, 2003;Lattig et al, 2007). This certainly applies the Caribbean and Indopacific regions, where most previous records of H. spongicola must be viewed with caution, as they may correspond to different, likely new species: for instance, records from the Bahamas, Barbados, USA (Florida), and Jamaica and Puerto Rico (Bacescu, 1971;Dauer, 1973;Reiswig, 1973;Dauer, 1974;Uebelacker, 1978;Humann, 1992;Tsurumi and Reiswig, 1997;Maldonado and Young, 1998b;a;López et al, 2001), and those from Cambodia and Vietnam (López et al, 2001), Korea (Lee and Rho, 1994), Japan (Imajima and Hartman, 1964;Imajima, 1966;2003), Tanzania (Magnino and Gaino, 1998), and Papua New Guinea (Magnino et al, 1999).…”

Associated organisms inhabiting the calcareous spongeClathrina luteain La Parguera Natural Reserve, Puerto Rico

“…Most of the studies regarding marine sponges and their associated fauna have focused on the class Demospongiae; perhaps because 86% of the extant Porifera are Demospongiae (van Soest et al, 2016). Among the most significant reports concerning demosponge-associated fauna were those of Santucci (1922), Pearse (1932, 1950), Fishelson (1966), Long (1968), Pansini (1970), Sube (1970), Labate & D’Addaboo (1974), Rützler (1976), Peattie & Hoare (1981), Koukouras et al (1985), Wendt et al (1985), Voultsiadou-Koukoura et al (1987), Koukouras et al (1992), Klitgaard (1995), Koukouras et al (1996), Duffy (1996), Magnino et al (1999), Ribeiro et al (2003), Skilleter et al (2005), Abdo (2007), Palpandi et al (2007), Huang et al (2008), Greene (2008), Schejter et al (2012), Sivadas et al (2014), and Schönberg et al (2015). Of the mentioned studies regarding the associated organisms of demosponges, the most represented phyla are Arthropoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Nematoda, and Echinodermata and the most abundant classes are Crustacea, Polychaeta, and Ophiuroidea.…”