Fauna Europaea: Hymenoptera – Symphyta & Ichneumonoidea

Abstract

Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names (including important synonyms) of all extant European terrestrial and freshwater animals, their geographical distribution at the level of countries and major islands (west of the Urals and excluding the Caucasus region), and some additional information. The Fauna Europaea project comprises about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. Fauna Europaea represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many users in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education.For the Hymenoptera, taxonomic data from one grade (Symphyta) and one Superfamily (Ichneumonoidea), including 15 families and 10,717 species, are included.Ichneumonoidea is the largest superfamily of Hymenoptera and consisting of two extant families, Ichneumonidae and Braconidae. The costal cell of the fore wing is absent, the fore wing has at least two closed cells, the constriction between the mesosoma (thorax + first abdominal segment or propodeum) and the metasoma (remainder of abdomen) is distinct and the parasitoid larvae usually spin a silken cocoon. Also, the metasoma is ventrally partly desclerotized in the vast majority of ichneumonoids.

Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphne gnidium L.

“…European fauna includes about 200 species of Bracon living on larvae of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera (van Achterberg 2013). This genus is considered as a para- or also a polyphyletic group, predominantly of small and middle-sized species (Quicke 2015) spread over several subgenera.…”

“…This genus is considered as a para- or also a polyphyletic group, predominantly of small and middle-sized species (Quicke 2015) spread over several subgenera. Habrobracon Ashmead, 1895 was once considered to be a distinct genus (Quicke 2015, Papp 2008, Yu et al 2012) or one of the Bracon subgenera (Shenefelt 1978, Tobias 1986, Belokobylskij et al 2012, Broad et al 2012, Ameri et al 2013, 2015, Zargar et al 2015) or sometimes is considered as a synonym (Marsh 1979, van Achterberg 2013). …”

Parasitic wasps related to Prays oleae (Bernard, 1788) (Lepidoptera, Praydidae) in olive orchards in Greece

“…This species has been introduced and established in Greece from France (Yamvrias 1998). On the other hand, C. pellucens has a wider European distribution than M. elaeaphilus (van Achterberg 2013). Chelonus pellucens is reported for the first time from Greece and although C. elaeaphilus parasitises P. oleae (Bento et al 1998), there are no relevant records for C. pellucens , an issue that merits further investigation.…”

“…The synonymy among taxa was checked and adopted according to online databases (van Achterberg 2013; Fernandez Triana and Ward 2015; Noyes 2017; Tschorsnig 2017), and the database provided by Yu et al (2012).…”

Hidden in plain sight: phylogeography of an overlooked parasitoid species Trioxys sunnysidensis Fulbright & Pike (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

“…To date, 33 species of Trioxys from Europe (van Achterberg, ) and 22 from North America (Fulbright & Pike, ) have been reported. Most parasitize arboricolous aphids, although some parasitize aphids in steppe habitats (Tomanović & Kavallieratos, ).…”