FC10.1 Reflex blink effects on smooth pursuit maintenance in patients with Parkinson’s disease

Korosec, M.; Zidar, Ignac; Reits, Dik; VanderWerf, Frans; Evinger, Craig

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.030

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…DA agonists and antagonists increase and decrease EBRs, respectively in animals (Korsgaard et al, 1985; Elsworth et al, 1991; Lawrence and Redmond, 1991; Kleven and Koek, 1996; Kaminer et al, 2011) and humans (Blin et al, 1990; Strakowski et al, 1996; Strakowski and Sax, 1998). Additionally, hypo-dopaminergic conditions like Parkinson's lead to a reduction of the spontaneous blink rate (Karson, 1983; Karson et al, 1984; Korosec et al, 2006), while hyper-dopaminergic conditions like schizophrenia lead to an increase of the spontaneous blink rate (Cheung et al, 1995; Chen et al, 1996). So far, several studies have used the EBR as a behavioral index of DA functioning, predicting performance in DA-dependent cognitive tasks (Dreisbach et al, 2005; Colzato et al, 2007, 2008, 2009; Chermahini and Hommel, 2010; Akbari Chermahini and Hommel, 2012; Dang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Dopamine Baseline Levels and Cycle Phase on Executive Functions: The Role of Progesterone

Hidalgo-Lopez

Pletzer

2017

Front. Neurosci.

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Estradiol and progesterone levels vary along the menstrual cycle and have multiple neuroactive effects, including on the dopaminergic system. Dopamine relates to executive functions in an “inverted U-shaped” manner and its levels are increased by estradiol. Accordingly, dopamine dependent changes in executive functions along the menstrual cycle have been previously studied in the pre-ovulatory phase, when estradiol levels peak. Specifically it has been demonstrated that working memory is enhanced during the pre-ovulatory phase in women with low dopamine baseline levels, but impaired in women with high dopamine baseline levels. However, the role of progesterone, which peaks in the luteal cycle phase, has not been taken into account previously. Therefore, the main goals of the present study were to extend these findings (i) to the luteal cycle phase and (ii) to other executive functions. Furthermore, the usefulness of the eye blink rate (EBR) as an indicator of dopamine baseline levels in menstrual cycle research was explored. 36 naturally cycling women were tested during three cycle phases (menses–low sex hormones; pre-ovulatory–high estradiol; luteal–high progesterone and estradiol). During each session, women performed a verbal N-back task, as measure of working memory, and a single trial version of the Stroop task, as measure of response inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Hormone levels were assessed from saliva samples and spontaneous eye blink rate was recorded during menses. In the N-back task, women were faster during the luteal phase the higher their progesterone levels, irrespective of their dopamine baseline levels. In the Stroop task, we found a dopamine-cycle interaction, which was also driven by the luteal phase and progesterone levels. For women with higher EBR performance decreased during the luteal phase, whereas for women with lower EBR performance improved during the luteal phase. These findings suggest an important role of progesterone in modulating dopamine-cycle interactions. Additionally, we identified the eye blink rate as a non-invasive indicator of baseline dopamine function in menstrual cycle research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Dopamine Baseline Levels and Cycle Phase on Executive Functions: The Role of Progesterone

Hidalgo-Lopez

Pletzer

2017

Front. Neurosci.

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Intra-subject consistency of spontaneous eye blink rate in young women across the menstrual cycle

Hidalgo-Lopez

Zimmermann

Pletzer

2020

Sci Rep

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The spontaneous eye blink rate (EBR) has been linked to different cognitive processes and neurobiological factors. It has also been proposed as a putative index for striatal dopaminergic function. While estradiol is well-known to increase dopamine levels through multiple mechanisms, no study up to date has investigated whether the EBR changes across the menstrual cycle. This question is imperative however, as women have sometimes been excluded from studies using the EBR due to potential effects of their hormonal profile. Fifty-four women were tested for spontaneous EBR at rest in three different phases of their menstrual cycle: during menses (low progesterone and estradiol), in the pre-ovulatory phase (when estradiol levels peak and progesterone is still low), and during the luteal phase (high progesterone and estradiol). No significant differences were observed across the menstrual cycle and Bayes factors show strong support for the null hypothesis. Instead, we observed high intra-individual consistency of the EBR in our female sample. Accordingly, we strongly encourage including female participants in EBR studies, regardless of their cycle phase.

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FC10.1 Reflex blink effects on smooth pursuit maintenance in patients with Parkinson’s disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Interactive Effects of Dopamine Baseline Levels and Cycle Phase on Executive Functions: The Role of Progesterone

Interactive Effects of Dopamine Baseline Levels and Cycle Phase on Executive Functions: The Role of Progesterone

Intra-subject consistency of spontaneous eye blink rate in young women across the menstrual cycle

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