FCC gasoline desulfurization by pervaporation: Effects of gasoline components

Kong, Ying; Lin, Ligang; Yang, Jin; Shi, De‐Qing; Qu, Huimin; Xie, Kekun; Li, Linying

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2007.01.029

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…7shows the effect of feed temperature on sulfur enrichment factor for different binary n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures. Sulfur enrichment factors of thiophene and 2-methylthiophene Table 2 Activation energies and permeability correlations of individual components increase firstly but decrease after 353.15 K similar to results [7,10], those of 2,5-dimethythiophene and n-butyl mercaptan increase with the feed temperature increase in the studied temperature range, n-butyl sulfide almost remains level line. The sulfur enrichment factor of every sulfur species decreases in the following order at the same temperature: thiophene > 2-methylthiophene > 2,5-dimethylthiophene > n-butyl mercaptan > n-butyl sulfide.…”

Section: Effect Of Feed Temperature On Pervaporation Propertiessupporting

confidence: 67%

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Pervaporation separation of n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures with polydimethylsiloxane membranes

Zhao

et al. 2008

Separation and Purification Technology

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a b s t r a c tWith the mixtures of n-heptane and different sulfur species making up the model gasoline, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/polyetherimide (PEI) composite membranes were prepared and used for sulfur removal from gasoline. Effects of sulfur species, feed sulfur content and feed temperature on the desulfurization efficiency were investigated for a series of binary n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures by pervaporation. Experimental results indicated that the change of feed sulfur content produced insignificant effect on sulfur enrichment factor for every sulfur species, while the partial fluxes of sulfur species were proportional to feed sulfur content. With the feed temperature increase, total flux increased for every binary mixture. Sulfur enrichment factor decreased in the following order at the same temperature: thiophene > 2-methylthiophene > 2,5-dimethylthiophene > n-butyl mercaptan > n-butyl sulfide. Correspondingly activation energy of permeation was also obtained. In order to simulate the desulfurization process of real gasoline, effect of more sulfur species coupling exist on separation efficiency was also investigated. With the increase of sulfur species number according to the decrease order of sulfur enrichment factor, total sulfur enrichment factor decreased while total flux was almost invariable.Crown

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Section: Effect Of Feed Temperature On Pervaporation Propertiessupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In previous work on the desulfurization from gasoline [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], research works were mainly concentrated on the separation of hydrocarbon/thiophene mixtures. However, FCC gasoline is an extraordinarily complex mixture composed of hundreds of compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pervaporation separation of n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures with polydimethylsiloxane membranes

Zhao

et al. 2008

Separation and Purification Technology

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“…Simultaneously, the decrease in sulfur enrichment factor was observed. Kong et al (2007) demonstrated that n-hexane practically did not induce the membrane swelling. Increase in the carbon number in the alkane enhanced the solubility caused by the increase in polymer plasticization degree (Kong et al 2007).…”

Section: Infl Uence Of Hydrocarbons On the Membrane Performancementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Kong et al (2007) demonstrated that n-hexane practically did not induce the membrane swelling. Increase in the carbon number in the alkane enhanced the solubility caused by the increase in polymer plasticization degree (Kong et al 2007). In addition, as the alkane molecule was shorter, it would penetrate into the dense polymer membrane and decrease in the difference between activation energies of the thiophene and alkane was observed (Qi et al 2006a).…”

Section: Infl Uence Of Hydrocarbons On the Membrane Performancementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Kong et al (2007) and Qi et al (2006b) investigated the infl uence of typical hydrocarbon species presented in FCC gasoline on PDMS (Qi et al 2006b) and PEG (Kong et al 2007) membranes performance in pervaporative desulfurization. Reported data indicate that aromatics and alkenes have similar impact on membrane performance.…”

Section: Infl Uence Of Hydrocarbons On the Membrane Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pervaporative desulfurization of gasoline – separation of thiophene/n-heptane mixture / Perwaporacyjne odsiarczanie benzyny – separacja mieszanin tiofen/n-heptan

Rychlewska

Konieczny

Bodzek

2015

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Reduction of sulfur content in transportation fuels has received increasing attention with growing environmental awareness. Sulfur in gasoline is a considerable source of SO x emissions. Toxicity of sulphur compounds, which by the combustion of motor fuel enters the atmosphere, are primarily associated with the formation of acid rain, which further contribute to the acidifi cation of soil and surface water, as well as the formation of photochemical smog. It is impossible to mention the harmful effects of sulfur compounds in the increased concentration on the organisms. The negative effect of sulfur compounds during combustion of fuel, is also seen in the form of corrosion of metals and concrete, paper aging or destruction of plastics (Brunet et al. 2005, Lefl aive et al. 2002, Song 2003. Moreover, the presence of sulfur oxides in exhaust gases from vehicles contributes to the larger emission of NO x and VOC's caused by the reduction of low-temperature catalytic converters activity. Therefore, many countries adopt new and more rigorous regulations on sulfur content in gasoline. The specifi cation in EU countries, demands a reduction of sulfur level in gasoline and Diesel fuels to 10 ppm (Directive 2009).Nearly all of the sulfur (85-95%) in the typical refi nery plant comes from Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) gasoline, and a small amount originates from light straight run, reforming and isomerisation units. That is why, FCC gasoline is the natural substance to focus on sulfur reduction. The sulfur concentration of FCC gasoline depends on the sulfur type and its level in the FCC feedstock (Brunet et al. 2005). Although elemental sulfur, mercaptans, sulfi des, disulfi des, thiophene and its homologues are all present in petroleum or in petroleum fractions, sulfur occurs mainly in the form of thiophene, sulfi des, mercaptans and disulfi des (Lefl aive et al. 2002).A lot of effort is now spent on developing novel and effi cient hydrogen and non-hydrogen desulfurization technologies such as selective extraction, catalytic extraction, selective oxidation, bio-desulfurization, alkylation-extraction, improved selective hydroprocessing and pervaporative desulfurization (PVDS) (Ito et al. 2006, Song 2003. It should be noted that this new desulfurization technology has already progressed beyond the lab-scale tests stage. In comparison with the traditional and other non-HDS separation processes, membrane separation offers many advantages including lower energy consumption and operating cost, simple operation and control scheme, easy scale up, higher separation effi ciency and adaptability to changes in process streams (Kujawski 2009, White 2006. Those promising advantages make membrane separation an attractive process for many of recent researches. TheoryPervaporation process principle Pervaporation is a membrane technology utilizing a dense non-porous homogeneous polymeric fi lm. The liquid solute selectively dissolves and diffuses in the membrane and is removed as vapour at the downstream side. The vacuum pervaporation is c...

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Liquefied petroleum gas desulfurization by HTBN/PAN composite membrane

Chen

Han

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene/acrylonitrile (HTBN) polymer material was selected for deep desulfurization of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) according to the solubility parameter method, and then crosslinked HTBN membranes were prepared, in which asymmetric polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes prepared with phase inversion method acted as the microporous supporting layer in the flat-plate composite membrane. The different function compositions of composite membranes were characterized by reflection FTIR in order to investigate the crosslinking reaction. The surface and section of composite membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The composite membranes prepared in this study were used in LPG for deep desulfurization. Effects of amount of HTBN and operation pressure on the desulfurization efficiency of LPG were investigated experimentally. Experiment results demonstrated that with the membrane having a HTBN layer of 11 lm, permeability parameter of methyl mercaptan came to 17,002 Barrer and that of hydrocarbon came to 504 Barrer at 30 wt % of HTBN and 0.25 MPa, which showed that the membrane used to desulfurization in LPG can achieve high-removal efficiency. These results demonstrated that the membrane separation method could be significant in practical application for deep desulfurization of LPG.

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FCC gasoline desulfurization by pervaporation: Effects of gasoline components

Cited by 46 publications

References 7 publications

Pervaporation separation of n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures with polydimethylsiloxane membranes

Pervaporation separation of n-heptane/sulfur species mixtures with polydimethylsiloxane membranes

Pervaporative desulfurization of gasoline – separation of thiophene/n-heptane mixture / Perwaporacyjne odsiarczanie benzyny – separacja mieszanin tiofen/n-heptan

Liquefied petroleum gas desulfurization by HTBN/PAN composite membrane

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