FDTD Based Numerical Framework for Ground Penetrating Radar Simulation

Howlader, Omar Faruq; Sattar, TP

doi:10.2528/pierm15090304

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The estimated 5-year survival rate was 33.9% (95% CI, 30.2%-37.6%), which is comparable to published data from Sudan (38%) but higher compared with data from Senegal (13%) [29,33]. Compared with population-based data from the U.S. with a 1-year and 2-year survival rate of 78.3% and 66.8%, respectively, in 2012, our population-based registry patients had worse outcome (of 73.9% and 51.8%) but not as huge of a difference as possibly expected given the limited therapy available [26]. This could be partly explained by the fact that our patient cohort included a larger proportion of good-prognosis patients improving the outcome, such as germ cell tumors, sex cord-stromal tumors, and a sample of borderline epithelial tumors.…”

Section: Survivalcontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…The median age in this study was 47 years (in all patients and in patients with epithelial tumors only). In high-income countries the average age at diagnosis is comparatively higher, (e.g., in the U.S., 63 years; in Germany, 69 years) [2,26]. Reports from other sub-Saharan countries also show lower median ages, such as 45 years in Ghana, 52 years in Nigeria, and 49 years in Senegal [27][28][29].…”

Section: Patient Characteristics: Age Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical Characteristics and Survival of Patients with Malignant Ovarian Tumors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Ovarian cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death among women in Ethiopia, with about 2,550 diagnosed cases and 2,000 deaths each year. The incidence and mortality rates of this disease have been increasing in Ethiopia and other parts of sub‐Saharan Africa over the past decades because of changing lifestyle and reproductive factors. In this study, we describe the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival of patients with ovarian cancer in Ethiopia. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study included 485 patients diagnosed between January 2009 and October 2015 at Addis Ababa University Hospital, Zewditu Memorial Hospital, or registered in the Addis Ababa population‐based cancer registry. Follow‐up data were obtained via telephone. Primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality. Results The median age was 46 years (range, 11–95). The estimated 1‐ and 2‐year overall survival rates were 78% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.741–0.82.5) and 59% (95% CI, 0.538–0.646), respectively. Of those patients with result available (n = 423), 73.0% had epithelial cancers. Almost half were classified as Federation of Gynecology and Oncology stage III or IV (48.2%; stage available n = 201) resulting in worse outcomes (hazard ratio [HR], 2.91 [CI 0.67–12.64] and 3.03 [0.69–15.79], respectively). Four out of five patients received some form of surgery (82%), three out of five received platinum‐containing chemotherapy. Patients with residual tumor after surgery (n = 83) showed worse survival outcome (HR, 2.23; 95% CI 1.08–4.49). Conclusion Our study revealed substantial treatment gaps with respect to surgery and adequate chemotherapy. Higher stage, residual tumor and lack of chemotherapy impaired the outcome. Access to higher standards of ovarian cancer treatment is urgently needed in Ethiopia. Implications for Practice Ovarian cancer is often a fatal disease in high resource settings; now it is also becoming important in Ethiopia. This study included 485 women with malignant ovarian tumors treated in Addis Ababa who had a mean age of only 46 years because of the young population structure. Three quarters had the typical epithelial cancer, with half presenting with advanced stage III and IV. Improved oncologic surgery and sufficient chemotherapy could possibly improve their outcome. The relatively high proportion of women with nonepithelial cancer need adequate treatment options to have good prognosis.

show abstract

Section: Survivalcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Patient Characteristics: Age Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics and Survival of Patients with Malignant Ovarian Tumors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on the electrical conductivity table for metals, a stainless steel corn seed was defined to have an electrical conductivity of  = 1.45  10 6 S m -1 (ECT, 2013). The electrical conductivity of a metal overshadows its dielectric permittivity polarization effect; therefore, the relative dielectric permittivity and permeability of stainless steel were defined as  = -1 (unitless) and  = 1 (unitless) (Howlader and Sattar, 2015).…”

Section: Methodology Seed Model Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using gprMax to Model Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) to Locate Corn Seed as an Attempt to Measure Planting Depth

Mapoka¹,

Birrell²,

Tekeste³

et al. 2019

Transactions of the ASABE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Planting depth (PD) plays an essential role in crop production by substantially impacting germination rates and yield potential. However, techniques to measure PD nondestructively have not been developed. A two-dimensional gprMax simulation study was conducted to investigate the effects of soil electromagnetic properties on ground-penetrating radar (GPR) waves. The primary objective was to examine the possibility of using GPR as a nondestructive sensor to detect subsurface corn seeds with the goal of measuring PD. A conventional fixed-offset gprMax antenna in contact with the soil surface was used in the simulations. Corn seed models of different materials and sizes were simulated, with properties of natural and synthetic (metal) corn seeds. The seed models were spherical, with radial dimensions of 0.006 and 0.024 m to simulate small and large corn seeds, respectively. Corn seed models were embedded in three homogeneous soil models (sandy loam, loam, and clay), and 1.6 and 2.6 GHz antenna models were used as excitation frequencies. A-scans and B-scans were obtained from the simulations. The A-scans showed that all targets (small natural corn and metal corn models, and large natural corm and metal corn models) successfully provided response amplitudes proportional to their dielectric properties in sandy loam and loam, but not in clay. In high bulk density soils, GPR waves failed to penetrate the soil models, and the targets were not detected. The 2.6 GHz antenna provided better response amplitudes from the targets. In the driest soil models (2.5%, and 5%), no response amplitude signatures were observed. In dry and relatively dry soil models (15%), the simulation times were much shorter to obtain a response amplitude from the targets (with feeble response amplitudes) compared to relatively wetter soils. To validate these models, laboratory experiments were conducted with three treatment factors (soil type, planting depth, and moisture content). In dry soils, corn seeds could be detected using a 2.6 GHz GPR antenna; however, the detection varied substantially within replicates of the same moisture group. Further research is necessary to understand the effects of soil moisture on the detection variability of buried corn seeds. Keywords: Corn seed, Dielectric permittivity, Electromagnetic waves, Finite difference time domain, GPR, gprMax.

show abstract

“…The plant Ficus hispida L.f. is a herbal medicine that has been used in China and India as a remedy for bronchitis, dysentery, rheumatism, and skin disorders [2,3]. The extracts from its different parts have been reported to show antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, and hepatoprotective activities [4][5][6][7]. Primarily known for the rich flavonoids and triterpenoids [8], alkaloids with antitumor and vasorelaxant activities have also been discovered from F. hispida [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaloid Constituents of Ficus hispida and Their Antiinflammatory Activity

Jia

et al. 2020

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four new alkaloids, ficuhismines A-D (1-4), together with three known ones, were isolated from Ficus hispida. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical method. The new compounds represent the first amine alkaloids with a rhamnosyl moiety (1-2) or with a N-oxide motif (2-4) from the genus Ficus. Compound 2 showed potent inhibitory effect in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway luciferase assay with IC 50 value of 0.52 ± 0.11 μM.

show abstract

FDTD Based Numerical Framework for Ground Penetrating Radar Simulation

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Clinical Characteristics and Survival of Patients with Malignant Ovarian Tumors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Clinical Characteristics and Survival of Patients with Malignant Ovarian Tumors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Using gprMax to Model Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) to Locate Corn Seed as an Attempt to Measure Planting Depth

Alkaloid Constituents of Ficus hispida and Their Antiinflammatory Activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About