“…The pH value of dye solution throughout this work was about 5.8, measured by an Oakton pH/conductivity meter (PC 2700, Cole-Parmer, Vernon Hills, IL, USA). Approximate 3.5 mL NGB dye sample was taken from the beaker at the predetermined time intervals (i.e., 1,2,4,6,8,10,12,15,20, and 30 min), then injected into a 3.5 mL quartz cuvette with a pathlength 10 mm, following scanning in turn using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 35 UV-vis spectrometer (Shelton, CT, USA). The wavelength of light absorbance λ max of NGB was measured at the 408 nm.…”