“…A multitude of synthetic routes have been established for preparing MNPs, such as co-precipitation, thermal decomposition, microemulsion synthesis, solvothermal/hydrothermal synthesis, sol-gel synthesis, flow injection syntheses, and microwave-assisted synthesis ( Salazar-Alvarez et al, 2006 ; Xia et al, 2011 ; Mahdavi et al, 2013 ; Tong et al, 2015 ; Dinc et al, 2019 ; Nguyen et al, 2020 ; Cervera et al, 2021 ; Mohammadi Badizi and Maleki, 2021 ; Saladino et al, 2021 ; Salvador et al, 2021 ). Co-precipitation and solvothermal methods are the most popular approaches to acquire high-quality MNPs.…”