Conductive polyzwitterionic hydrogels
with good adhesion
properties
show potential prospect in implantable electrodes and electronic devices.
Adhesive property of polyzwitterionic hydrogels in humid environments
can be improved by the introduction of catechol groups. However, common
catechol modifiers can usually quench free radicals, resulting in
a contradiction between long-term tissue adhesion and hydrogel toughness.
By adding tannic acid (TA) to the dispersion of clay nanosheets and
nanofibers, we designed TA-coated nanoflowers and nanofibers as the
reinforcing phase to prepare polyzwitterionic hydrogels with adhesion
properties. The hydrogel combines the mussel-like and zwitterionic
co-adhesive mechanism to maintain long-term adhesion in underwater
environments. In particular, the noncovalent cross-linking provided
by the nanoflower structure effectively compensates for the defects
caused by free-radical quenching so that the hydrogel obtained a high
stretchability of over 2900% and a toughness of 1.16 J/m3. The hydrogel also has excellent anti-biofouling property and shows
resistance to bacteria and cells. In addition, the hydrogel possesses
a low modulus (<10 kPa) and ionic conductivity (0.25 S/m), making
it an ideal material for the preparation of implantable electrodes.