Fe₃O₄-Based Melamine-Rich Covalent Organic Polymer for Simultaneous Removal of Auramine O and Rhodamine B

Abstract

The present study focused on utilizing the advantages of porous covalent organic frameworks by preparing them in a usable magnetite support form with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles using the solvothermal method. Functionalized Fe 3 O 4 -based melamine-rich covalent organic polymer (COP) was prepared and identified using different physicochemical techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer−Emmett−Teller analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometer analysis. Then, the constructed compound was utilized to simultaneously remove auramine O (AO) and rhodamine B (RB) as cationic dyes by the interactions of electrostatic attraction, H-bonding, Lewis acid−base interaction, and π−π stacking from an aqueous solution. The substantial variables such as pH, Fe 3 O 4 /COP mass, AO and RB concentrations, and sonication time were inspected, and the optimized conditions were found to be 6.5, 12 mg, 10 mg/L, and 4 min, respectively. The fitting of experimental equilibrium data to various isotherm models reveals the applicability and suitability of the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacities for simultaneous removal of AO and RB were 107.11 and 131.23 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic model's examinations reveal that the kinetics of the process was pseudo-second-order. The thermodynamic result indicates the endothermic and automatic nature.

Differentiating Nanomaghemite and Nanomagnetite and Discussing Their Importance in Arsenic and Lead Removal from Contaminated Effluents: A Critical Review

“…With the increase in synthesis and production of Fe-oxide NPs over the last 30 years, their release to the environment is inevitable and cycle regeneration must be carried out to control their liberation and reuse for diverse applications. Some works have reported the regeneration of magnetic NPs, for example, that of Shakeri et al [ 131 ], who reported the regeneration protocol for the Fe 3 O 4 -based melamine-rich covalent organic polymer used for the removal of Auramine O (AO) and Rhodamine B (RB). The ethanol extraction technique was performed on the Fe-oxide NPs under nine cycles and the removal efficiency was 95% for AO and 88% for RB, suggesting the potential removal character of the Fe-oxide NPs.…”

Chemistry of magnetic covalent organic frameworks (MagCOFs): from synthesis to separation applications

“…Recently, Rafiee and co-workers fabricated a melamine-rich magnetic covalent organic polymer (MCOP) for the removal of AO and RB. 147 removal of AO and RB. The presence of free lone pair electron in various imine groups present on Fe 3 O 4 /C-COP could electrostatically interact with cationic RB and AO, which enhanced the adsorption behaviour.…”

“…Recently, Rafiee and co-workers fabricated a melamine-rich magnetic covalent organic polymer (MCOP) for the removal of AO and RB. 147…”

Synthesis and characterization of layered double hydroxide decorated zeolite as the efficient sorbent for removal of toxic metal ions

“…By use of adsorption kinetics models were investigated the mechanism and rate-determining step. 58,59 Obtained data was fitted with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models (Figure 6) and kinetic parameters summered in Table 7. These results…”