Fe-X-B-Cu (X = Nb, NiZr) Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying: Influence of Milling Device

Abstract

In this work, we analyze the influence of the milling device in the microstructural evolution of two Fe-X-B-Cu (X = Nb, NiZr) alloys produced by mechanical alloying (MA). The two milling devices are a planetary mil (P7) and a shaker mill (SPEX 8000). Microstructural analysis by X-ray diffraction detects the formation of a Fe rich solid solution. In the Fe-Nb-B-Cu alloy produced in the shaker mill also appears a Nb(B) minor phase, whereas in the Fe-NiZr-B-Cu alloy produced in the planetary mill, a minor disordered phase is formed. The comparative study regarding the energy transferred per unit of time in both devices determines that the shaker mill is more energetic. This fact explains that in the Fe-Nb-B-Cu alloy, Nb has not been introduced in the main Fe rich phase, whereas in the Fe-NiZr-B-Cu alloy milled in the shaker mill was formed the highly disordered phase. With regard to thermal analysis, the values of the apparent activation energies of the main crystallization process (above 200 kJ/mol) correspond to the crystalline growth of the nanocrystalline Fe rich phase.

Microstructural and Magnetic Behavior of Nanocrystalline Fe-12Ni-16B-2Si Alloy Synthesis and Characterization

“…The total enthalpy during the transition is found to be 196.40 J/g. The e mic reaction occurs in the low temperature range and is produced from recove strain relaxation [42]. For the FCC phase, a drastic increase is observed from about 0.030 × 10 16 /m 2 at 50 h to 0.89 × 10 16 /m 2 at 125 h. At the end of the milling, the ρ D slightly increases, reaching 0.95 × 10 16 /m 2 .…”

“…The total enthalpy during the transition is found to be 196.40 J/g. The exothermic reaction occurs in the low temperature range and is produced from recovery and strain relaxation [42].…”

“…The total enthalpy during the transition is found to be 196.40 J/g. The exothermic reaction occurs in the low temperature range and is produced from recovery and strain relaxation [42]. In order to understand the effect of heating on structural and magnetic characterizations, the as-milled sample is annealed at temperatures above the temperature range of the reaction (at 450 and 650 °C for 1 h in argon atmosphere, Figure 8).…”

Mechanical Alloying: Processing and Materials

“…One of the works in this Special Issue applies a non-complex model to compare the final microstructure of two Fe-X-Nb-Cu (X = Nb, Ni-Zr) alloys as a function of the energy transfer in two milling devices: planetary and shaker. In this work, the shaker mill is more energetic [1].…”