Fe3O4-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for typical metabolite analysis and localization: Influencing factors, mechanisms, and environmental applications

Plasmonic Gold Nanoshell-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Small-Biomolecule Analysis and Tissue Imaging

“…Thus, with regard to mapping the spatial distribution of small molecules, developing a matrix-free LDI strategy with the integrated advantages of enhanced detection sensitivity and imaging capabilities is highly desirable. Inspired by the pioneering efforts of Tanaka et al 8 and Sunner et al, 9 a plethora of ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing inorganic nanomaterials have received tremendous attention, which include but not limited to carbon-based nanomaterials, 10,11 silicon-based nanomaterials, 12,13 metal-based nanoparticles (NPs), 14,15 metal oxide-based NPs, 16−18 metal− organic frameworks (MOFs), 19−21 and composite nanomaterials. 22−24 Notably, these emerging nanomaterials benefit from high light absorption, high surface area-to-volume ratio, high electrical conductivity, and low thermal conductivity, and they have exhibited unique capabilities and superior performance as a novel implementation of the matrix-free LDI technique.…”

“…Inspired by the pioneering efforts of Tanaka et al and Sunner et al, a plethora of ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing inorganic nanomaterials have received tremendous attention, which include but not limited to carbon-based nanomaterials, , silicon-based nanomaterials, , metal-based nanoparticles (NPs), , metal oxide-based NPs, − metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), − and composite nanomaterials. − Notably, these emerging nanomaterials benefit from high light absorption, high surface area-to-volume ratio, high electrical conductivity, and low thermal conductivity, and they have exhibited unique capabilities and superior performance as a novel implementation of the matrix-free LDI technique. Although the fine structures of nanomaterials are diversified, their nanosized features, in most cases, provide a homogeneous coating surface regardless of spraying or sputtering.…”

Imaging of Neurotransmitters and Small Molecules in Brain Tissues Using Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Assisted with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

“…Examples include the use of silicon nanopost arrays for the imaging of fatty acids and lipids from the mouse brain, the use of carbon-based materials such as graphite for detecting a drug and its metabolites in kidney and liver as well as flavonoids in plants, − and the use of graphene oxide for imaging fatty acids and lipids in mouse brain. , Interestingly, another application of carbon-based materials in MSI is to map and quantify the carbon-based nanomaterials absorbed in the mouse suborgans . Reports on the use of metals and metal oxides to facilitate LDI MSI of LMWM include gold for metabolites in plants, fingerprints, and mouse brain; − platinum for metabolites in plants and printed ink; , silver for fatty acids in mouse retinal, olefins in mouse brain, metabolites in plants, fruits, and human kidney tissues; − Fe 3 O 4 for imaging of metabolites in zebrafish and plant tissues; , WO 3 for imaging of small molecules in plant tissues; and TiO 2 and functionalized TiO 2 for the imaging of metabolites in mouse brains and fingermarks. − Other inorganic materials like boron nitrite nanosheets have also been applied to image metabolites from mouse brain …”

Internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for investigating the phospholipid dysregulation induced by perfluorooctanoic acid in Nile tilapia

“…Usually, investigation of metabolic-related toxicity induced by emerging pollutants focuses on dysregulated endogenous metabolites, such as amino acids, fatty acids, saccharides and lipids. 19–23 As a class of endogenous metabolites, phospholipids have been acknowledged to play the crucial role in biochemical processes in organisms. For example, phospholipids are the main components of membranes, energy storage molecules and signaling molecules.…”