Fe3O4@SiO2@NTMPThio-Cu: a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of heterocycle derivatives using a novel dendrimer template nanocatalyst

This study focused on investigating the synthesis of new spiropyrrole derivatives with high yields. The two nanocatalyst CuO/ZnO@Graphen Oxide nanocomposites (CuO/ZnO@GO NCs) and Ag/CuO/ZnO@Graphen Oxide (Ag@CuO/ZnO@GO NCs) were employed in a multicomponent reaction at room temperature to synthesize new compounds. The reaction involved isatins, N‐alkyl isatins, and ninhydrin as activated carbonyl compounds, ammonium acetate, ethyl 2‐arylamino‐4‐dioxo‐4‐arylbutanoates, hydrazonoyl chloride, or ethylbromopyruvate in water. Also, the catalytic activity of the green synthesized CuO/ZnO@GO and Ag@CuO/ZnO@GO was evaluated in the reduction of organic pollutants such as 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) in water at mild conditions. The results indicated that the biosynthesized MNCs have very high and effective catalytic activity for organic pollutants within a few seconds. The newly synthesized spiro compounds demonstrate antioxidant activity as a result of two assessment processes conducted by its NH group. In addition, the antibacterial activity of newly created spiro compounds was assessed using a disk distribution method, involving two types of Gram‐negative bacteria. These compounds were found to limit the growth of Gram‐positive bacteria as well. Also, to better understand the reaction mechanism, density functional theory (DFT)–based quantum chemical methods have been applied. The advantages of this technology encompass rapid response times, high product yields, and uncomplicated catalyst and product separation via simple procedures.

Green Synthesis of New Spiropyrrole Derivatives by Employing Activated Carbonyl Compounds and Graphen Oxide Decorated on Ag@CuO/ZnO NPs or CuO/ZnO NPs: Theoretical and Biological Study

Iravani,

Mohammadi,

Hossaini

2024

Green Synthesis of New Coumarins Employing SiO₂/Fe₃O₄@MWCNTs as a Recyclable Catalyst and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activity

Hojjati,

Shikholeslami‐Farahani,

Shahvelayati

et al. 2024

This study successfully synthesized coumarins, which belong to a novel class of fused heterocyclic compounds, employing a multicomponent reaction with excellent efficiency. The process utilized 4‐aminocumarin or 4‐hydroxycumarin, 2‐arylidenemalononitrile, and activated acetylenic chemicals in an aqueous solution at room temperature in the presence of MWCNTs@SiO2/Fe3O4 as a recyclable catalyst. The synthesized compounds were assessed for their antiproliferative activity against MCF‐7 breast and HCT‐15 colon cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, as well as their antioxidant effect. Compounds 4c, 4g, and 6d exhibited superior antiproliferative activity compared with other synthesized compounds. The compounds 4c, 4g, and 6d were subjected to UV‐Vis spectroscopy to determine their binding affinity for DNA and BSA. The analysis yielded overall affinity constants K4c‐DNA = 7.9 × 103 M−1, K4g‐DNA = 1.1 × 104 M−1, K6d‐DNA = 4.2 × 104 M−1, K4c‐BSA = 4.96 × 104 M−1, K4g‐BSA = 7.54 × 104 M−1, and K6d‐BSA = 6.47 × 104 M−1. Our research results could offer fresh data demonstrating the correlation between the chemical composition and the ability of these novel coumarin analogs to inhibit cancer growth. The synthesis of fused coumarins exhibited various beneficial characteristics, such as fast reactions, high yields of the end product, and easy isolation of the catalyst and product from the reaction mixture.

Innovative Mn₂Sb₂O₇ Nanocatalysts: Effective Generation of 2‐Amino‐4H‐Chromenes Through Strategic Metal Doping

Jahangiri,

Poursattar Marjani,

Kafi‐Ahmadi

2024

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Mn₂Sb₂O₇ and MnSb₂O₆ nanocatalysts, which were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer‐Emmet‐Teller (BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results confirm that the catalysts have similar chemical compositions and structures, with small amounts of vanadium (V) or iron (Fe) dopants evenly distributed throughout the material. These nanocatalysts demonstrated high efficiency in the one‐pot synthesis of 2‐amino‐4H‐chromenes from malononitrile, dimedone, and aryl aldehydes, achieving yields of 66–90% under optimal conditions using 10 mg of catalyst in ethanol at room temperature. Due to their amphoteric nature, the catalysts enable reactions via acid‐mediated or base‐mediated Hann‐Lapworth mechanisms. Under optimal conditions, the catalysts exhibited turnover numbers (TON) ranging from 1.8 to 3.6 and turnover frequencies (TOF) between 0.0005 and 0.0009 s⁻¹. Moreover, the catalysts can be recovered and reused without losing activity, making them valuable for sustainable chemical synthesis applications.