Fear-conditioned respiration and its association to cardiac reactivity

Diest, Ilse Van; Bradley, Margaret M.; Guerra, Pedro; Bergh, Omer Van den; Lang, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.09.006

Cited by 45 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…SBP increased for auditory and tactile stimuli, but showed a strong decline for olfactory stimuli. Autonomic responses are highly dependent on context and relevant action tendencies (Van Diest et al, 2009) and the different the patterns observed may indicate different action tendencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sensory channel of presentation alters subjective ratings and autonomic responses toward disgusting stimuli—Blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance in response to visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory presented disgusting stimuli

Laqua¹,

Süß²,

Joraschky³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Disgust causes specific reaction patterns, observable in mimic responses and body reactions. Most research on disgust deals with visual stimuli. However, pictures may cause another disgust experience than sounds, odors, or tactile stimuli. Therefore, disgust experience evoked by four different sensory channels was compared. A total of 119 participants received 3 different disgusting and one control stimulus, each presented through the visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory channel. Ratings of evoked disgust as well as responses of the autonomic nervous system (heart rate, skin conductance level, systolic blood pressure) were recorded and the effect of stimulus labeling and of repeated presentation was analyzed. Ratings suggested that disgust could be evoked through all senses; they were highest for visual stimuli. However, autonomic reaction toward disgusting stimuli differed according to the channel of presentation. In contrast to the other, olfactory disgust stimuli provoked a strong decrease of systolic blood pressure. Additionally, labeling enhanced disgust ratings and autonomic reaction for olfactory and tactile, but not for visual and auditory stimuli. Repeated presentation indicated that participant's disgust rating diminishes to all but olfactory disgust stimuli. Taken together we argue that the sensory channel through which a disgust reaction is evoked matters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sensory channel of presentation alters subjective ratings and autonomic responses toward disgusting stimuli—Blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance in response to visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory presented disgusting stimuli

Laqua¹,

Süß²,

Joraschky³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…There were two unpleasant noises. One was a 2 s, 80-db female scream, which was selected based on unpleasantness ratings of young adults (M ¼ 1.21; high aversion) (Van Diest, Bradley, Guerra, Van den Bergh, & Lang, 2009). The other was a 0.2 s, 80 db of white noise, of low aversion (no normative information available).…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual and conceptual similarities facilitate the generalization of instructed fear

Bennett

Vervoort

Boddez

et al. 2015

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…Partial pressure of end-tidal CO 2 (P et CO 2 ) measurement is the only deterministic indicator of hyperventilation (10) and the gold standard for the non-invasive assessment of hyperventilation. It is measured as the partial pressure of CO 2 at the end of each expiration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperventilation in Anticipatory Music Performance Anxiety

Studer

Danuser

Hildebrandt

et al. 2012

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Objectives and Methods: Self-report studies have shown an association between music performance anxiety (MPA) and hyperventilation complaints. However, hyperventilation was never assessed physiologically in MPA. This study investigated (a) the self-reported affective experience, self-reported physiological symptoms, and cardio-respiratory variables including end-tidal pCO2 (PetCO2), which is an indicator for hyperventilation, in 67 university music students before a private and a public performance. The response coherence between these response domains was also investigated. Results: From the private to the public session, the intensity of all self-report variables increased (all ps<.001). As predicted, the higher the usual MPA level of the musician, the larger were these increases (all ps<.10). The main cardio-respiratory variables except PetCO2 also increased from the private to the public session (all ps<.05), but these increases were not modulated by the usual MPA level (all ps>.10). PetCO2 showed a unique response pattern as reflected by an interaction between usual MPA level and session (p<.01): it increased from the private to the public session for musicians with low MPA levels and decreased for musicians with high MPA levels. Self-reported physiological symptoms were related to the self-reported affective experience (all ps<.05) rather than to the physiological measures (all ps>.17).Conclusions: The present findings show for the first time how respiration is stimulated before a public performance in music students with different levels of MPA. The hypothesis of a hyperventilation tendency in high performance-anxious musicians is supported. The response coherence between physiological symptoms and physiological activation is weak. Powered by Editorial Manager® and Preprint Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation Conflict of interest:The authors have no actual or potential conflict of interest, including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence this manuscript.Manuscript for publisher Click here to download Editorial Office Use Only --Manuscript: 11-198 for publisher.doc 1 Abstract:Objectives and Methods: Self-report studies have shown an association between music performance anxiety (MPA) and hyperventilation complaints. However, hyperventilation was never assessed physiologically in MPA. This study investigated (a) the self-reported affective experience, self-reported physiological symptoms, and cardio-respiratory variables including end-tidal pCO 2 (P et CO 2 ), which is an indicator for hyperventilation, in 67 university music students before a private and a public performance. The response coherence between these response domains was also investigated. Results:From the private to the public session, the intensity of all self-report variables increased (all ps<.001). As predicted, the higher the usual MPA level of the musician, the larger were these increases (all ps<.10). With the exception of PetCO2, the main ca...

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Fear-conditioned respiration and its association to cardiac reactivity

Cited by 45 publications

References 44 publications

The sensory channel of presentation alters subjective ratings and autonomic responses toward disgusting stimuli—Blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance in response to visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory presented disgusting stimuli

The sensory channel of presentation alters subjective ratings and autonomic responses toward disgusting stimuli—Blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance in response to visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory presented disgusting stimuli

Perceptual and conceptual similarities facilitate the generalization of instructed fear

Hyperventilation in Anticipatory Music Performance Anxiety

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