Fear conditioning in invertebrates

Pribadi, Amy; Chalasani, Sreekanth H.

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1008818

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…For example, in C. elegans, it has an inhibitory role in locomotion, feeding, defecation and egg laying, and this inhibition can be removed by haloperidol (Suo et al, 2004;Chase and Koelle, 2007). In Drosophila, dopamine plays a role in fear conditioning and reward (Pribadi and Chalasani, 2022), and in the mollusk Aplysia, dopamine can modulate associative learning behaviors in feeding (Baxter and Byrne, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol disrupts behavioral responses of sea urchins and sea stars

Howell

Lancaster

Besh

et al. 2023

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Despite lacking a brain and having an apparent symmetrically pentaradial nervous system, echinoderms are capable of complex, coordinated directional behavioral responses to different sensory stimuli. However very little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these behaviors. In many animals, dopaminergic systems play key roles in motivating and coordinating behavior and although the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol has been shown to inhibit the righting response of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, it is not known if this is specific to this behavior, in this species, or whether dopaminergic systems are needed in general for echinoderm behaviors. We found that the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol inhibited multiple different behavioral responses in three different echinoderm species. Haloperidol inhibited the righting response of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus and of the sea star Luidia clathrata. It additionally inhibited the lantern reflex of S. purpuratus, the shell covering response of L. variegatus, and the immersion response of L. variegatus, but not S. purpuratus or L. clathrata. Our results suggest that dopamine is needed for the neural processing and coordination of multiple different behavioral responses in a variety of different echinoderm species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol disrupts behavioral responses of sea urchins and sea stars

Howell

Lancaster

Besh

et al. 2023

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…In a social wasp the levels of aggression of a potential new queen appears to trigger her ovarian development along with correlated physiological and behavioural phenotypic traits [12]. Individuals or genotypes vary in their responses to a given environmental or a social behavioural challenge and the responses are also highly flexible and context specific [12,13]. Many of the signaling pathways linking behaviour to physiology are conserved across animal taxa [7,11,14].…”

Section: The Behaviour-physiology Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“Vitaction” deficiency: a possible root cause for multiple lifestyle disorders including Alzheimer’s disease

Watve,

Keskar Sardeshmukh

2024

Explor Neuroprot Ther

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Behavioural environment and behavioural responses of an individual are known to affect multiple aspects of physiology including neuroendocrine and growth factor signalling, angiogenesis, stem cell dynamics, tissue homeostasis, and maintenance. Despite substantial evidence, the role of behaviour-physiology interface in human health and disease remains underappreciated. The hypothesis proposed here suggests that deficiencies of certain behaviours that have evolved to become essential or “vitactions” can potentially trigger multiple health problems. Altered growth factor expression because of vitaction deficiencies affects angiogenesis and vascular function, neuronal maintenance, transport of glucose and other nutrients to the brain, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and protein aggregation dynamics all implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Exercise is already known to be effective in prevention of AD. The hypothesis suggests that it is the behavioural component of exercise over mechanical activity and calorie burning that has crucial effects on brain health through multiple signalling pathways. Similar to vitamin deficiencies, where supplying the deficient vitamin is the only effective solution, for vitaction deficiencies supplying the deficient behavioural stimuli through behaviourally enriched exercise can be the most effective remedy.

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Inheritance of associative memories and acquired cellular changes in C. elegans

et al. 2023

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Experiences have been shown to modulate behavior and physiology of future generations in some contexts, but there is limited evidence for inheritance of associative memory in different species. Here, we trained C. elegans nematodes to associate an attractive odorant with stressful starvation conditions and revealed that this associative memory was transmitted to the F1 progeny who showed odor-evoked avoidance behavior. Moreover, the F1 and the F2 descendants of trained animals exhibited odor-evoked cellular stress responses, manifested by the translocation of DAF-16/FOXO to cells’ nuclei. Sperm, but not oocytes, transmitted these odor-evoked cellular stress responses which involved H3K9 and H3K36 methylations, the small RNA pathway machinery, and intact neuropeptide secretion. Activation of a single chemosensory neuron sufficed to induce a serotonin-mediated systemic stress response in both the parental trained generation and in its progeny. Moreover, inheritance of the cellular stress responses increased survival chances of the progeny as exposure to the training odorant allowed the animals to prepare in advance for an impending adversity. These findings suggest that in C. elegans associative memories and cellular changes may be transferred across generations.

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Fear conditioning in invertebrates

Cited by 5 publications

References 108 publications

The dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol disrupts behavioral responses of sea urchins and sea stars

The dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol disrupts behavioral responses of sea urchins and sea stars

“Vitaction” deficiency: a possible root cause for multiple lifestyle disorders including Alzheimer’s disease

Inheritance of associative memories and acquired cellular changes in C. elegans

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