“…Traditionally, women are portrayed as being more fearful (in particular in public places) than men about their personal safety (Box et al, 1988; Koskela, 1999; Loukaitou-Sideris, 2004). This applies similarly to the elderly and the disabled (Iudici et al, 2017; Killias and Clerici, 2000; Yin, 1980), those who belong to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or intersex (LGBTQI) community, those with disabilities and those who are economically disadvantaged (Box et al, 1988; Garofalo and Laub, 1979; Pain and Smith, 2008).…”