Fearful Inhibition, Inhibitory Control, and Maternal Negative Behaviors During Toddlerhood Predict Internalizing Problems at Age 6

Liu, Ran; Calkins, Susan D.; Bell, Martha Ann

doi:10.1007/s10802-018-0419-5

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Consistent with findings of several studies (Clark et al, 2008;Jones et al, 2013;Liu, Calkins, & Bell, 2018;Pallini et al, 2018;Roskam, Stievenart, Meunier, & Noël, 2014;Spinrad, Eisenberg, Gaertner, Popp, et al, 2007), the current study indicates that early positive parenting and secure attachment influence the development of toddlers' selfregulatory abilities in preterm and full-term children. Since children born at lower gestational age face an increased risk of poor early parent-infant relationship quality (Heuser et al, 2018), it is possible that improving parenting early at the neonatal ward may contribute to more adaptive developmental trajectories of social functioning for preterm children, considering the cascading effects found in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Since children born at lower gestational age face an increased risk of poor early parent–infant relationship quality (Heuser et al, ), it is possible that improving parenting early at the neonatal ward may contribute to more adaptive developmental trajectories of social functioning for preterm children, considering the cascading effects found in this study. Accordingly, a very recent study showed that fearfully inhibited children exposed to maternal negative behaviour and low in inhibitory control at age 3 years were at greater risk for later internalizing behaviour problems at 6 years of age (Liu et al, ). However, in some studies, the longitudinal relations diminished after accounting for the stability of constructs (Spinrad, Eisenberg, Gaertner, Popp, et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental cascades of social inhibition and friendships in preterm and full‐term children

Reyes

Jaekel

Heuser

et al. 2019

Infant and Child Development

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Friendships are crucial to children's socioemotional development and quality of life. Children born preterm (<37 weeks gestation) have an increased risk for social relationship difficulties, including fewer friends, but the mechanisms underlying the link between lower gestational age and fewer friendships are not clear. The prospective Bavarian Longitudinal Study investigated potential cascading effects on N = 1,181 children's friendships at 8 years. Path modelling indicated that higher gestational age predicted good early parent–infant relationship quality, good inhibitory control, and higher friendship scores. Good parent–infant relationship quality predicted good inhibitory control, which subsequently predicted low social inhibition at 6 years and higher friendship scores at 8 years. There is evidence of cascading effects from gestational age to early parent–infant relationships, to toddlers' inhibitory control, and to social inhibition, which partially explain differences in children's friendships at 8 years of age. Highlights Preterm children are at risk for social problems and fewer friends, but the mechanisms underlying this risk are not known. Path modelling showed that gestational age predicted good early parent–infant relationship and inhibitory control, which subsequently predicted low social inhibition and higher friendship scores. Cascading effects from gestational age to parent–infant relationships, to inhibitory control, and to social inhibition partially explain differences in friendships at 8 years.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental cascades of social inhibition and friendships in preterm and full‐term children

Reyes

Jaekel

Heuser

et al. 2019

Infant and Child Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Specifically, a high level of BI was significantly correlated with low performance in cognitive empathy tasks only for children exhibiting low levels of self‐regulation, but this association was not detected for children showing high levels of self‐regulation. Previous studies have found a similar protective role of self‐regulation in social adaptation for children of temperamental extremes, such that highly inhibited children who are low in self‐regulation can easily be trapped in their own perspectives and avoid social interactions or communications in a social context (Buss, Davis, Ram, & Coccia, 2018; Hipson et al, 2019; Penela et al, 2015; Smith et al, 2019); as a result, they may be at increased risk for internalizing symptomatology (Dougherty, Klein, Durbin, Hayden, & Olino, 2010; Liu, Calkins, & Bell, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of temperamental inhibition in affective and cognitive empathy in Chinese toddlers

Zhai

Han

et al. 2020

Infancy

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Empathy, crucial to harmonious interpersonal relationships and moral development, has both affective and cognitive components. Previous studies found that toddlers' temperamental inhibition may influence their empathy, but mainly focused on emotional response to others' distress. Little is known about whether inhibited children's poor empathy is due to high reactivity and social withdrawal when sharing others' affective states, such as distress (affective empathy), or to a difficulty in comprehending and inferring others' perspective (cognitive empathy). The current study investigated the role of behavioral inhibition (BI) in affective empathy (response to pain simulation) and cognitive empathy (performance in perspective-taking task) among 163 Chinese toddlers and tested in both only and non-only children. Correlation analyses showed that BI was only negatively associated with affective empathy. The relation between BI and cognitive empathy was moderated by self-regulation and inhibited children who were low in selfregulation presented low cognitive empathy. Additionally, only children presented advanced cognitive empathy but poorer affective empathy than non-only children. These findings imply different roles of BI in affective versus cognitive empathy in early childhood. Although highly inhibited children rarely show positive social expression toward others' distress, caution is needed in inferring that they lack a capacity for cognitive empathy.

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“…A few examples are as follows: (a) poorer attentional control is linked to externalizing behavior problems (Eisenberg et al, 2000), (b) greater and more stable anger and frustration are associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems (R. Liu et al, 2018), and (c) poorer inhibitory control is associated with increased externalizing (Kahle et al, 2018) and internalizing behavior problems (C. Liu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Child Temperament As a Mechanism Of Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in associations between early adversity, child temperament, and behavior problems

Coe

Micalizzi

Josefson

et al. 2020

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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Early adversity is associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems among children, and effects of adversity on dimensions of child temperament may underlie these links. However, very little is known about the role of child sex in these processes. The current study examined whether there are indirect effects of early adversity on behavior problems through dimensions of child temperament and whether these indirect effects vary across child sex. Participants in this multimethod (parent-report survey, semistructured interview, child protection records) study included 274 preschool-aged children ( M age = 50.86 months; 52% with documented case of moderate to severe maltreatment) and their primary caregivers assessed at two time points spaced 6 months apart. Results of multigroup path analyses revealed that while anger mediated associations between lifetime stress and behavior problems for the full sample, inhibitory control and appropriate attentional allocation were significant intermediary mechanisms of lifetime stress for boys, but not for girls. Inhibitory control mediated associations between maltreatment and behavior problems for the full sample, but appropriate attentional allocation mediated these associations for boys only. Results suggest that early adversity influences child behavior problems through child temperament, particularly for boys. This work supports the perspective that temperament is influenced by characteristics of the early rearing environment, and the indirect effects of adversity on behavior problems through temperament vary across sex.

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Fearful Inhibition, Inhibitory Control, and Maternal Negative Behaviors During Toddlerhood Predict Internalizing Problems at Age 6

Cited by 21 publications

References 78 publications

Developmental cascades of social inhibition and friendships in preterm and full‐term children

Developmental cascades of social inhibition and friendships in preterm and full‐term children

The roles of temperamental inhibition in affective and cognitive empathy in Chinese toddlers

Sex differences in associations between early adversity, child temperament, and behavior problems

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