Fears of Compassion in a Depressed Population Implication for Psychotherapy

Gilbert, Paul; McEwan, Kirsten; Catarino, Francisca; Baião, Rita

doi:10.4172/2167-1044.s2-003

Cited by 56 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…We were slightly surprised therefore that the correlations here were quite weak, although stronger for well-being. Although, this is in line with other findings [58], this is especially interesting when one considers that fears of accepting compassion from others is strongly linked to depression [49][50][51]. As noted, in the introduction there are two elements to this focus.…”

Section: Compassion From Otherssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…First is motivation that directs attention. Obviously, if one is not motivated in the first place, and has no intention of addressing suffering (e.g., maybe because of fears of compassion [41,49]) that is important to address. In fact, there can be many resistances to forming intentions to be helpful to self and others particularly if we see others as competitors, or, enemies [79].…”

Section: First Psychology-the Competencies Of Compassionate Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others

Gilbert

Catarino

Duarte

et al. 2017

J of Compassionate Health Care

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336

345

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Background: Studies of the value of compassion on physical and mental health and social relationships have proliferated in the last 25 years. Although, there are several conceptualisations and measures of compassion, this study develops three new measures of compassion competencies derived from an evolutionary, motivational approach. The scales assess 1. the compassion we experience for others, 2. the compassion we experience from others, and 3. self-compassion based on a standard definition of compassion as a 'sensitivity to suffering in self and others with a commitment to try to alleviate and prevent it'. We explored these in relationship to other compassion scales, self-criticism, depression, anxiety, stress and well-being. Methods: Participants from three different countries (UK, Portugal and USA) completed a range of scales including compassion for others, self-compassion, self-criticism, shame, depression, anxiety and stress with the newly developed 'The Compassionate Engagement and Actions' scale.

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Section: Compassion From Otherssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: First Psychology-the Competencies Of Compassionate Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others

Gilbert

Catarino

Duarte

et al. 2017

J of Compassionate Health Care

Self Cite

336

345

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Self-criticism and fear of receiving compassion Self-criticism has been shown to be correlated with fear of compassion. In self-report studies of students (Gilbert et al, 2011;Gilbert et al, 2012) and depressed patients (Gilbert, McEwan, Catarino, & Baião, 2014), those with high levels of self-criticism reported higher fear of receiving compassion from others. After undergoing a compassionate imagery exercise, self-critics exhibited physiological responses that are indicative of threat (i.e., increased heart rate variability and reduced cortisol) (Rockliff, Gilbert, McEwan, Lightman, & Glover, 2008).…”

Section: Fear Of Receiving Compassion and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ability to receive compassion from others buffers the depressogenic effect of self-criticism: A cross-cultural multi-study analysis

Hermanto

Zuroff

Kopala‐Sibley

et al. 2016

Personality and Individual Differences

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oSelf-criticism has been shown to be a vulnerability factor that can lead to and maintain depression. We examined the moderating effect of fear of receiving compassion from others on the positive association between selfcriticism and depression. Self-report measures were administered to four separate samples (total N = 701) varying in age (students and community adults) and cultural context (Canada, England, and Portugal). Two different measures of self-criticism and of depression were administered to investigate the generalizability of results. Selfcriticism, depression, and fear of compassion from others were positively related to one another in all samples. As predicted, fear of compassion from others exerted a moderating effect on the relationship between self-criticism and depression. Low fear of compassion from others weakened the depressogenic effect of self-criticism, while high fear of compassion from others exacerbated the effect. Thus, a self-critic's ability to be open and responsive to care and support from others protected against depression. The aggregate moderating effect across the four studies was of medium size (d + = .53) and highly significant, indicating a robust phenomenon. Implications for working with self-critical depressed patients are discussed.

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“…Self‐compassion significantly moderated the relationship between self‐coldness (ie, self‐judgment, isolation, and overidentification), maladaptive perfectionism, and depressive symptoms . Fear of receiving compassion from others was positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress . Fear of compassion from others also played the moderator role in enhancing the relationship between self‐criticism and depression .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dispositional mindfulness, self‐compassion, and compassion from others as moderators between stress and depression in caregivers of patients with lung cancer

Hsieh

Chen

et al. 2019

Psycho-Oncology

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Objective The present study aimed to identify the most important protective factors predicting caregivers' depressive symptoms among factors of caregivers' dispositional mindfulness, self‐compassion, compassion from others, and patients' dispositional mindfulness and their moderator effects on the relationship between caregiving stress and depressive symptoms. Methods A total of 72 lung cancer outpatients and their family caregivers participated in this study. Family caregivers completed the Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale, Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Self‐Compassion Scale, and Compassion from Others Scale. Patients completed the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ‐C30), BDI‐II, and FFMQ. Results After controlling for patients' factors (treatment status, symptom distress, and depressive symptoms) and caregivers' health status, caregivers' stress and dispositional mindfulness, the domain of mindful awareness, and self‐compassionate action were significantly associated with their depressive symptoms. Further analysis indicated that mindful awareness or self‐compassionate action could buffer the effect of caregiving stress on depressive symptoms. When the two moderators, mindful awareness and self‐compassionate action, were tested simultaneously, only self‐compassionate action remained as a significant moderating effect. Conclusions Caregivers' mindful awareness and self‐compassionate action were protective factors, which mitigate the impact of caregiving stress on their depressive symptoms. Therefore, the future supportive program aims at training the competencies of self‐compassionate action with mindful awareness, which may enhance caregivers' coping resources.

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Fears of Compassion in a Depressed Population Implication for Psychotherapy

Cited by 56 publications

References 68 publications

The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others

The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others

Ability to receive compassion from others buffers the depressogenic effect of self-criticism: A cross-cultural multi-study analysis

Dispositional mindfulness, self‐compassion, and compassion from others as moderators between stress and depression in caregivers of patients with lung cancer

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