Feasibility Analysis of Energy Storage Technologies in Power Systems for Arid Region

Abstract

The benefits of energy storage technologies (ESTs) as a step of managing the future energy demand, by considering the case of electric power systems (EPS) in arid regions, were the focus of this study. The evaluation of different forms of ESTs' integration into the existing EPS, especially those with higher potential for solving issues related to the optimization of the power supply and high demands at peak loads, was carried out. Two interactive programs—ESCT and ES-Select—were utilized in the feasibility study that allowed evaluating various ESTs with regard to their characteristics, costs, benefits, which was carried out for the first time in this region. The study analyzed a variety of power ranges within the power system components including bulk generation, transmission, distribution, commercial and industrial, and residential users. These programs were used to address the price and cost components assuming a normal distribution, as well as the cycle life, size, efficiency, cash flow, payback, benefits range, and market potential of 19 important ESTs about the arid region. The obtained data were all combined to verify the appropriateness of these ESTs, which has been followed by determining the optimal use and best probable physical placement of these ESTs within the EPS, by allowing for the economic, environmental, and technical feasibility. The study showed that the compressed air energy storage (CAES) is the most promising option followed by pumped hydro storage (PHS) and sodium-sulfur battery (NaS), based on the technical and economic evaluations of the different ESTs in arid regions.

The prospect of supercapacitors in integrated energy harvesting and storage systems

“…It enables us to see the trade-offs between the energy storage systems. [15]). Reproduced with permission from [15].…”

“…Figure 2. Maturity curve of various energy storage technologies depicting the demonstration phase of the supercapacitor devices (Source: Schlumberger Business Consulting (SBC) Energy Institute, 2015,[15]). Reproduced with permission from[15].…”

Atomic Layer Deposition—A Versatile Toolbox for Designing/Engineering Electrodes for Advanced Supercapacitors

“…Unlike secondary batteries, SCs exhibit higher power densities (500-10,000 W kg -1 for SCs vs < 1000 W kg −1 for batteries), shorter CD period (1-10 s for SCs vs 0.5-5 h for batteries), superior lifespan (>500 000 h for SCs vs 500-1000 h for batteries) and improved operational safety. [3,5,[42][43][44][45] Nevertheless, the lower energy density of SCs (1-10 Wh kg −1 ) than batteries (10-100 Wh kg -1 ) is a major limitation to their commercial viability. [15,45,46] Among the potential strategies of circumventing the problem of inferior energy delivery of SCs, the development of novel high-performance electrode materials forms an effective and facile approach that has been extensively pursued.…”

Moving Regression Filtering With Battery State of Charge Feedback Control for Solar PV Firming and Ramp Rate Curtailment

“…However, EESs are expensive and amount to the economic viability of the overall system [9]. Super inductors, ultracapacitors, flywheels, and fuel cells are various commonly accessible ESSs [10], [11]. Amongst the stated storage systems, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is less costly and delivers capable results when incorporated with RE systems [12].…”