Feasibility and safety of surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway as first-line therapy for a select newborn population: results of a standardized clinical protocol

Abstract

Objectives (1) To demonstrate feasibility and safety of surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (LMA) as a first-line therapy. (2) To measure treatment success, defined as avoidance of intubation/invasive mechanical ventilation, and determine if specific clinical variables could predict success/failure. Study design: Observational cohort with eligible infants given surfactant using one type of LMA via standardized protocol. Data was captured prospectively followed by retrospective chart review. Results 150 infants ≥ 1250g and 28.3–41.1 weeks gestation were included. First-line LMA surfactant therapy was successful in 70% of the infants and those infants weaned to room air significantly quicker than infants requiring subsequent intubation/mechanical ventilation (p = 0.01 by 72h, p = 0.003 by 96h). Clinical variables assessed could not predict treatment success/failure. Complications were infrequent and did not differ between groups. Conclusion First-line LMA surfactant is feasible and safe for certain infants. Prediction of treatment success was not possible in our cohort.