Feasibility Demonstration of Spatial Channel Networking Using SDM/WDM Hierarchical Approach for Peta-b/s Optical Transport

Jinno, Masahiko; Kodama, Takahiro; Ishikawa, Tsubasa

doi:10.1109/jlt.2020.2972367

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As described in Section 1, refs. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] have conducted a series of studies on SCNs and demonstrated the practicability, scalability, reliability, and economical efficiency of SCNs. In Figure 1, the optical layer can be divided into an SDM layer and a WDM layer, and the optical nodes are considered as HOXCs, consisting of WXCs and SXCs in SCNs.…”

Section: Spatial Channel Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Channel Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of HOXCs can reduce the cost and simplify the network node structure. M. Jinno et al have conducted serious studies on SCN architectures and the enabling technologies [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] as well as evaluated scalability, reliability, and techno economics [10][11][12][13] to ensure SCNs be promising for reliable and cost-effective optical architectures toward the forthcoming SDM era.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Routing, Modulation Format, Spatial Lane, and Spectrum Block Assignment in Static Spatial Channel Networks

2023

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Spatial channel networks (SCNs) and related key technologies have been proposed to increase the capacity and flexibility of optical networks. We define the network resource allocation problem in a static SCN as the routing, modulation format (MF), spatial lane, and spectrum block assignment (RMSSA) problem and try to solve it. In this paper, we derive the relationship between the traffic bit rate, the transmission distance of optical channels, and MFs in SCNs, and obtain the adoption method of MFs. In addition, we introduce conversion nodes (CNs) into SCNs to perform a modulation format conversion (MFC) for more efficient use of network resources. Moreover, the RMSSA problem in static SCNs is modeled, and heuristic spatial lane and spectrum block minimization based on simulated annealing (LBMSA) algorithm is proposed to solve the RMSSA problem. Simulation results show that when the throughput of SCNs is small, the LBMSA algorithm can carry traffic requests with the least amount of network resources and maximize the network resource utilization. When the network throughput is high, the LBMSA algorithm is more inclined to carry all requests rather than efficient transmission. We also show that network resource utilization can be improved with the LBMSA algorithm by setting CNs to perform the MFC.

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Section: Spatial Channel Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Channel Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Routing, Modulation Format, Spatial Lane, and Spectrum Block Assignment in Static Spatial Channel Networks

2023

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“…As SDM technology began to gather much attention, some experimental demonstrations on multigranular (time, wavelength, and space) optical networks based on a multi-core fiber (MCF) link and a high port count SMF switch were reported [14][15][16]. The spatial channel network (SCN) architecture [17][18][19][20] was recently proposed as another approach to take full advantage of the spatial dimension. In an SCN, the current optical layer evolves into hierarchical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and SDM layers, and an optical node is decoupled into a spatial cross-connect (SXC) and a conventional WXC to form a hierarchical optical cross-connect [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance of 1×8 Core Selective Switch Supporting 15 Cores Per Port Using Bundle of Three 5-Core Fibers

Uchida

Urashima

Ishikawa

et al. 2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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A core-selective switch (CSS) is a key building block for a port modular spatial cross-connect where an optical signal launched into any core in the input multi-core fiber (MCF) can be switched to a core that has the same core identifier of any output MCF. One way to increase the core count in a CSS is to use several MCFs as a bundle and collimate/demultiplex beams emitted from it all at once using a single microlens. In this paper, we report a 1×8 CSS prototype based on a bundle of three 5-core fibers (5-CFs), which supports 15 cores per port, demonstrating the feasibility of a high core count CSS through MCF bundling. The CSS prototype exhibits insertion loss of less than 4.8 dB, and polarization dependent loss of less than 0.5 dB over an ultrawide wavelength range of 1480 nm to 1630 nm. The inter-core crosstalk (XT) characteristics as a function of the wavelength are thoroughly investigated. We show that the intra 5-CF XT imparted to the center core from the other four outer cores in the same 5-CF is less than -52 dB and the inter 5-CF XT from cores in the other 5-CFs in the same bundle is less than -64 dB, which are sufficiently low values for practical networks. No OSNR penalty in the 100-Gb/s spatial channel was observed when ten 100-Gb/s DP-QPSK WDM signals in the C-band were simultaneously routed by the bundled 5-CF 1×8 CSS prototype.

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“…As SXC architectures with growability and reliability, our research group recently proposed novel SXC architectures [14], [16] based on a sub-matrix switch and a new type of optical spatial switch, which is referred to as a 1 × k core selective switch (CSS). Recently, we demonstrated the feasibility of spatial channel networking including spatial bypassing, spectral grooming, spatial-lane change, and spatial-channel protection over a spatial channel network testbed that comprised two types of low-loss SXC prototypes connected with four-core fibers [18], [19]. Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principle, Design, and Prototyping of Core Selective Switch Using Free-Space Optics for Spatial Channel Network

Jinno

Kodama

Ishikawa

2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

Self Cite

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We describe the principle, design, and prototyping of a free-space-optics-based core selective switch (CSS) for spatial channel (SCh) networks (SCNs) in the age of space division multiplexing (SDM). A CSS in an SCN corresponds to a conventional wavelength selective switch (WSS) in a current wavelength division multiplexing network. It incorporates functionalities for spatially demultiplexing SChs from an input SDM port and for switching and multiplexing any of them into any of output SDM ports. We discuss the design for free-space-optics-based CSSs that is applicable to CSSs supporting various numbers of cores per multicore fiber (MCF) and various numbers of MCF ports. We show an example of an implemented 5-core 1 × 6 CSS prototype that integrates an MCF collimator, spatial multiplexer/demultiplexer array, and liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator. Although some output MCF ports exhibit relatively high insertion loss (IL), the CSS prototype shows that a CSS will potentially provide low net IL at the level of approximately 2 dB. To verify that there are no unknown deteriorating factors in the CSS prototype, we tested the prototype implemented in a hierarchical optical cross-connect configuration by measuring the pre-forward error correction bit error rate. Spatial bypassing and spectral grooming of a 900-Gb/s SCh employing a CSS-based spatial cross-connect and a conventional wavelength cross-connect are successfully demonstrated with no optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty.

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Feasibility Demonstration of Spatial Channel Networking Using SDM/WDM Hierarchical Approach for Peta-b/s Optical Transport

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Routing, Modulation Format, Spatial Lane, and Spectrum Block Assignment in Static Spatial Channel Networks

Routing, Modulation Format, Spatial Lane, and Spectrum Block Assignment in Static Spatial Channel Networks

Design and Performance of 1×8 Core Selective Switch Supporting 15 Cores Per Port Using Bundle of Three 5-Core Fibers

Principle, Design, and Prototyping of Core Selective Switch Using Free-Space Optics for Spatial Channel Network

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