Feasibility of a mass vaccination campaign using a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in an urban cholera-endemic setting in Mozambique☆

Cavailler, Philippe; Lucas, Marcelino; Perroud, Valérie; McChesney, Michael B.; Ampuero, Sonia; Guérin, P J; Legros, Dominique; Nierle, Thomas; Mahoudeau, Claude; Lab, Brauer Group

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.10.006

Cited by 59 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although our mHealth solution required up-front financial investment and training, it eliminated the need for mass printing, data clerks, and manual data entry, which take time, are costly, and increase the risk of error [3], [27]. Conducting a census first to know our target population, monitoring campaign progress daily, and deliberate case-finding allowed our coverage and follow-up rates to be higher than they may have been using a paper registry system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mobile Health (mHealth) and Geospatial Mapping Technology in a Mass Campaign for Reactive Oral Cholera Vaccination in Rural Haiti

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn mass vaccination campaigns, large volumes of data must be managed efficiently and accurately. In a reactive oral cholera vaccination (OCV) campaign in rural Haiti during an ongoing epidemic, we used a mobile health (mHealth) system to manage data on 50,000 participants in two isolated communities.MethodsData were collected using 7-inch tablets. Teams pre-registered and distributed vaccine cards with unique barcodes to vaccine-eligible residents during a census in February 2012. First stored on devices, data were uploaded nightly via Wi-fi to a web-hosted database. During the vaccination campaign between April and June 2012, residents presented their cards at vaccination posts and their barcodes were scanned. Vaccinee data from the census were pre-loaded on tablets to autopopulate the electronic form. Nightly analysis of the day's community coverage informed the following day's vaccination strategy. We generated case-finding reports allowing us to identify those who had not yet been vaccinated.ResultsDuring 40 days of vaccination, we collected approximately 1.9 million pieces of data. A total of 45,417 people received at least one OCV dose; of those, 90.8% were documented to have received 2 doses. Though mHealth required up-front financial investment and training, it reduced the need for paper registries and manual data entry, which would have been costly, time-consuming, and is known to increase error. Using Global Positioning System coordinates, we mapped vaccine posts, population size, and vaccine coverage to understand the reach of the campaign. The hardware and software were usable by high school-educated staff.ConclusionThe use of mHealth technology in an OCV campaign in rural Haiti allowed timely creation of an electronic registry with population-level census data, and a targeted vaccination strategy in a dispersed rural population receiving a two-dose vaccine regimen. The use of mHealth should be strongly considered in mass vaccination campaigns in future initiatives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mobile Health (mHealth) and Geospatial Mapping Technology in a Mass Campaign for Reactive Oral Cholera Vaccination in Rural Haiti

et al. 2014

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“…While the comparison with a mass-immunization campaign using OCVs conducted in an endemic setting of Mozambique is not relevant, since circumstances, epidemiological trends and implementation conditions are too dissimilar from those of the Aceh campaign [2,11,12], an interesting parallel can be made with another mass immunization conducted with WHO support that took place in two Sudanese IDP camps situated in Darfur. Between July and August 2004, 87% of the 53,537 people initially targeted received both doses of the vaccine described earlier.…”

Section: Abstract: Aceh • Cholera • Disaster • Emergency • Indonesia mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholera in disasters: do vaccines prompt new hopes?

Chaignat¹,

Monti²,

Soepardi

et al. 2008

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Humanitarian aid workers regularly encounter the challenge of setting up functioning surveillance systems immediately after a disaster. Detecting potential outbreaks of diseases, such as cholera, that might arise from disturbed living conditions, displacement and lack of clean water and sanitation is, therefore, extremely difficult. Fears of cholera outbreaks are often rife in such conditions and the pertinence of using cholera vaccines, now available on the market, merit attention. The case of Aceh province, Indonesia, following the 2004 tsunami is examined here: the government of Indonesia decided to carry out a mass vaccination campaign using oral cholera vaccines, a two-dose product that has not been used widely in the particular circumstances of complex emergencies. The preparation and implementation of this campaign faced many hindrances that unfavorably impacted on the time taken to vaccinate the target population and the costs involved. An estimated 69.3% of the target population received immunization. Evidence gathered during the Aceh campaign could be compared with those of a campaign held in another emergency context--Darfur (Sudan). In spite of many dissimilarities, both experiences illustrate the fact that the question of feasibility and relevance of interventions, as well as prioritization of health needs in complex emergencies, remain crucial to alleviate the affected population's suffering in the most efficient way. Following these two campaigns, WHO recommendations on the use of oral cholera vaccines in complex emergencies were issued in 2006.

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“…18 Like rotavirus, oral cholera vaccines have been proven effective, although for children more doses might be necessary. [19][20][21] Vaccine acceptance by its users is vital for the effectiveness of immunization campaigns in addition to the availability of safe and efficacious vaccines and functional supply and distribution mechanisms. However, use of vaccines is not uncritically accepted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociocultural Determinants of Anticipated Vaccine Acceptance for Acute Watery Diarrhea in Early Childhood in Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo

Merten

Scheffold²,

Manianga³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Rotavirus and oral cholera vaccines have the potential to reduce diarrhea-related child mortality in low-income settings and are recommended by the World Health Organization. Uptake of vaccination depends on community support, and is based on local priorities. This study investigates local perceptions of acute watery diarrhea in childhood and anticipated vaccine acceptance in two sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo. In 2010, 360 randomly selected non-affected adults were interviewed by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Witchcraft and breastfeeding were perceived as potential cause of acute watery diarrhea by 51% and 48% of respondents. Despite misperceptions, anticipated vaccine acceptance at no cost was 99%. The strongest predictor of anticipated vaccine acceptance if costs were assumed was the educational level of the respondents. Results suggest that the introduction of vaccines is a local priority and local (mis)perceptions of illness do not compromise vaccine acceptability if the vaccine is affordable.

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Feasibility of a mass vaccination campaign using a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in an urban cholera-endemic setting in Mozambique☆

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Using Mobile Health (mHealth) and Geospatial Mapping Technology in a Mass Campaign for Reactive Oral Cholera Vaccination in Rural Haiti

Using Mobile Health (mHealth) and Geospatial Mapping Technology in a Mass Campaign for Reactive Oral Cholera Vaccination in Rural Haiti

Cholera in disasters: do vaccines prompt new hopes?

Sociocultural Determinants of Anticipated Vaccine Acceptance for Acute Watery Diarrhea in Early Childhood in Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo

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